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  2. Motivation crowding theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motivation_crowding_theory

    Motivation crowding theory is the theory from psychology and microeconomics suggesting that providing extrinsic incentives for certain kinds of behavior—such as promising monetary rewards for accomplishing some task—can sometimes undermine intrinsic motivation for performing that behavior. The result of lowered motivation, in contrast with ...

  3. John William Atkinson - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_William_Atkinson

    John William Atkinson. John William Atkinson (December 31, 1923 – October 27, 2003), also known as Jack Atkinson, was an American psychologist who pioneered the scientific study of human motivation, achievement and behavior. He was a World War II veteran, teacher, scholar, and long term member of the University of Michigan community.

  4. Reward system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reward_system

    The reward system (the mesocorticolimbic circuit) is a group of neural structures responsible for incentive salience (i.e., "wanting"; desire or craving for a reward and motivation), associative learning (primarily positive reinforcement and classical conditioning), and positively-valenced emotions, particularly ones involving pleasure as a core component (e.g., joy, euphoria and ecstasy).

  5. Edward L. Deci - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_L._Deci

    Edward L. Deci ( / ˈdiːsi /; [1] born 1942 [2]) is a professor of Psychology and Gowen Professor in the Social Sciences at the University of Rochester, and director of its Human Motivation Program. He is well known in psychology for his theories of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and basic psychological needs which he has been researching ...

  6. Maslow's hierarchy of needs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maslow's_hierarchy_of_needs

    Maslow's hierarchy of needs is an idea in psychology proposed by American psychologist Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in the journal Psychological Review. [1] Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his observations of humans' innate curiosity. His theories parallel many other theories of human ...

  7. Incentive system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incentive_system

    The term incentive system refers to a variety of fields, including biology, education, and philosophy. Organizational Psychology, Economics, and Business [ edit ] In organizational psychology, economics and business an incentive system denotes a structure motivating individuals as part of an organization to act in the interest of the organization.

  8. Overjustification effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overjustification_effect

    Overjustification effect. The overjustification effect occurs when an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a person's intrinsic motivation to perform a task. Overjustification is an explanation for the phenomenon known as motivational "crowding out". The overall effect of offering a reward for a previously unrewarded ...

  9. Motivational salience - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motivational_salience

    Incentive salience is the attractive form of motivational salience that causes approach behavior, and is associated with operant reinforcement, desirable outcomes, and pleasurable stimuli. [2] [3] Aversive salience (sometimes known as fearful salience [4] ) is the aversive form of motivational salience that causes avoidance behavior, and is ...

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