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  2. Hamster wheel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamster_wheel

    Like other rodents, hamsters are highly motivated to run in wheels. A hamster wheel or running wheel is an exercise device used primarily by hamsters and other rodents, but also by other cursorial animals when given the opportunity. Most of these devices consist of a runged or ridged wheel held on a stand by a single or pair of stub axles.

  3. Tonewheel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonewheel

    Tonewheel. A tonewheel or tone wheel is a simple electromechanical apparatus used for generating electric musical notes in electromechanical organ instruments such as the Hammond organ and in telephony to generate audible signals such as ringing tone. It was developed by Thaddeus Cahill for the telharmonium c. 1896 and patented in 1897. [1]

  4. Water wheel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_wheel

    A water wheel is a machine for converting the energy of flowing or falling water into useful forms of power, often in a watermill. A water wheel consists of a wheel (usually constructed from wood or metal), with a number of blades or buckets arranged on the outside rim forming the driving car. Water wheels were still in commercial use well into ...

  5. Pelton wheel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelton_wheel

    The Pelton wheel or Pelton Turbine is an impulse -type water turbine invented by American inventor Lester Allan Pelton in the 1870s. [1] [2] The Pelton wheel extracts energy from the impulse of moving water, as opposed to water's dead weight like the traditional overshot water wheel. Many earlier variations of impulse turbines existed, but they ...

  6. Water turbine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_turbine

    A water turbine is a rotary machine that converts kinetic energy and potential energy of water into mechanical work. Water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Now, they are mostly used for electric power generation.

  7. History of perpetual motion machines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_perpetual...

    The history of perpetual motion machines dates at least back to the Middle Ages. For millennia, it was not clear whether perpetual motion devices were possible or not, but modern theories of thermodynamics have shown that they are impossible. Despite this, many attempts have been made to construct such machines, continuing into modern times.

  8. Francis turbine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_turbine

    It is an inward-flow reaction turbine that combines radial and axial flow concepts. Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use today, and can achieve over 95% efficiency. [1] The process of arriving at the modern Francis runner design took from 1848 to approximately 1920. [1] It became known as the Francis turbine around 1920 ...

  9. Flywheel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flywheel

    A flywheel is a mechanical device which uses the conservation of angular momentum to store rotational energy; a form of kinetic energy proportional to the product of its moment of inertia and the square of its rotational speed. In particular, assuming the flywheel's moment of inertia is constant (i.e., a flywheel with fixed mass and second ...