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Generalization is the concept that humans, other animals, and artificial neural networks use past learning in present situations of learning if the conditions in the situations are regarded as similar. [1] The learner uses generalized patterns, principles, and other similarities between past experiences and novel experiences to more efficiently ...
Transfer may also be referred to as generalization, B. F. Skinner's concept of a response to a stimulus occurring to other stimuli. [3] Today, transfer of learning is usually described as the process and the effective extent to which past experiences (also referred to as the transfer source ) affect learning and performance in a new situation ...
Examples Biological generalization When the mind makes a generalization, it extracts the essence of a concept based on its analysis of similarities from many discrete objects. The resulting simplification enables higher-level thinking. An animal is a generalization of a mammal, a bird, a fish, an amphibian and a reptile.
Little Albert experiment. The Little Albert experiment was a study that mid-20th century psychologists interpret as evidence of classical conditioning in humans. The study is also claimed to be an example of stimulus generalization although reading the research report shows that fear did not generalize by color or tactile qualities. [1]
Interpretative phenomenological analysis ( IPA) is a qualitative form of psychology research. IPA has an idiographic focus, which means that instead of producing generalization findings, it aims to offer insights into how a given person, in a given context, makes sense of a given situation. Usually, these situations are of personal significance ...
Prediction. An inductive prediction draws a conclusion about a future, current, or past instance from a sample of other instances. Like an inductive generalization, an inductive prediction relies on a data set consisting of specific instances of a phenomenon. But rather than conclude with a general statement, the inductive prediction concludes ...
The universal law of generalization is a theory of cognition stating that the probability of a response to one stimulus being generalized to another is a function of the “distance” between the two stimuli in a psychological space. It was introduced in 1987 by Roger N. Shepard, [1] [2] who began researching mechanisms of generalization while ...
Domain-general learning. Domain-general learning theories of development suggest that humans are born with mechanisms in the brain that exist to support and guide learning on a broad level, regardless of the type of information being learned. [1] [2] [3] Domain-general learning theories also recognize that although learning different types of ...
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