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Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information. Its precise definition is disputed and there are disagreements about whether unintentional or failed transmissions are included and whether communication not only transmits meaning but also creates it.
The Ministry of Communications and Informatics ( Indonesian: Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika; abbreviated as Kominfo) is an Indonesian government ministry that is responsible for communications, information affairs and internet censorship. The ministry reports to the president and is currently led by Budi Arie Setiadi, the Minister of ...
Air-to-ground communication was first made possible by the development of two-way aerial telegraphy in 1912, soon followed by two-way radio. By the Second World War, radio had become the chief medium of air-to-ground and air-to-air communication. Since then, transponders have enabled pilots and controllers to identify planes automatically ...
Schramm's model of communication includes a feedback loop and the processes of encoding, decoding, and interpretation. Schramm's model of communication is an early and influential model of communication. It was first published by Wilbur Schramm in 1954 and includes innovations over previous models, such as the inclusion of a feedback loop and ...
Public speaking, also called oratory, is the act or skill of delivering speeches on a subject before a live audience. [1] Public speaking has played an important cultural role in human history. Confucius, an ancient Chinese philosopher and prominent public-speaking scholar, believed that a good speech should impact individual lives, regardless ...
D. Lawrence Kincaid (born 1945) is an American communication researcher who originated the convergence theory of communication. He was a senior advisor for the Research and Evaluation Division of the Center for Communication Programs and an associate scientist in the Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
23 March 1999. ( 1999-03-24) (aged 75) Jakarta, Indonesia. Scientific career. Fields. Anthropology. Kanjeng Pangeran Haryo Prof. Dr. Koentjaraningrat ( [kʊntʃaraˈniŋrat]; 15 June 1923 – 23 March 1999) was an Indonesian anthropologist. He is sometimes referred to as "the father of Indonesian anthropology".
A lesson learned from ARPANET, the predecessor of the Internet, was that protocols need a framework to operate.It is therefore important to develop a general-purpose, future-proof framework suitable for structured protocols (such as layered protocols) and their standardization.