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History (derived from Ancient Greek ἱστορία (historía) 'inquiry; knowledge acquired by investigation') [1] is the systematic study and documentation of the human past. [2] [3] The period of events before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. [4] ". History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well as the ...
Historians consider knowledge of dates and events within and between specific historical periods the primary content of history, also known as "first-order knowledge" or substantive concepts. In contrast, historical significance is an example of a subject specific secondary key concept or "second-order knowledge" also known as a meta-concept ...
The Allegory On the Writing of History shows Truth watching the historian write history, while advised by Wisdom.(Jacob de Wit,1754)Historiography is the study of the methods used by historians in developing history as an academic discipline, and by extension, the term historiography is any body of historical work on a particular subject.
Historicism is an approach to explaining the existence of phenomena, especially social and cultural practices (including ideas and beliefs), by studying their history; that is, by studying the process by which they came about. The term is widely used in philosophy, anthropology, and sociology . This historical approach to explanation differs ...
Philosophy of history. Philosophy of history is the philosophical study of history and its discipline. [1] The term was coined by the French philosopher Voltaire. [2] In contemporary philosophy a distinction has developed between the speculative philosophy of history and the critical philosophy of history, now referred to as analytic.
Historical method is the collection of techniques and guidelines that historians use to research and write histories of the past. Secondary sources, primary sources and material evidence such as that derived from archaeology may all be drawn on, and the historian's skill lies in identifying these sources, evaluating their relative authority, and combining their testimony appropriately in order ...
Contemporary history, in English-language historiography, is a subset of modern history that describes the historical period from approximately 1945 to the present. [1] Contemporary history is either a subset of the late modern period, or it is one of the three major subsets of modern history, alongside the early modern period and the late ...
Historic recurrence is the repetition of similar events in history. [a] [b] The concept of historic recurrence has variously been applied to overall human history (e.g., to the rises and falls of empires ), to repetitive patterns in the history of a given polity, and to any two specific events which bear a striking similarity. [4]