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The rules of chess (also known as the laws of chess) govern the play of the game of chess. Chess is a two-player abstract strategy board game. Each player controls sixteen pieces of six types on a chessboard. Each type of piece moves in a distinct way. The object of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king; checkmate occurs when a king is ...
Chaturaji (meaning "four kings") is a four-player chess -like game. It was first described in detail c. 1030 by Al-Biruni in his book India. [1] Originally, this was a game of chance: the pieces to be moved were decided by rolling two dice. A diceless variant of the game was still played in India at the close of the 19th century.
When annotating chess games, commentators frequently use widely recognized annotation symbols. Question marks and exclamation points that denote a move as bad or good are ubiquitous in chess literature. [ 1 ] Some publications intended for an international audience, such as the Chess Informant, have a wide range of additional symbols that ...
Pawn (chess) The pawn (♙, ♟) is the most numerous and weakest piece in the game of chess. It may move one square directly forward, it may move two squares directly forward on its first move, and it may capture one square diagonally forward. Each player begins a game with eight pawns, one on each square of their second rank.
Chess notation systems are used to record either the moves made or the position of the pieces in a game of chess. Chess notation is used in chess literature, and by players keeping a record of an ongoing game. The earliest systems of notation used lengthy narratives to describe each move; these gradually evolved into more compact notation ...
g. h. The starting position of chess. The opening is the initial stage of a chess game. It usually consists of established theory. The other phases are the middlegame and the endgame. [1] Many opening sequences, known as openings, have standard names such as "Sicilian Defense".
The bishop (♗, ♝) is a piece in the game of chess. It moves and captures along diagonals without jumping over intervening pieces. Each player begins the game with two bishops. The starting squares are c1 and f1 for White's bishops, and c8 and f8 for Black's bishops. This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.
Petrov's Defence or the Petrov Defence (also called Petroff Defence, Petrov's Game, Russian Defence, or Russian Game – Russian: Русская партия) is a chess opening characterised by the following moves: 2. Nf3 Nf6. Though this symmetrical response has a long history, it was first popularised by Alexander Petrov, a Russian chess ...