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The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment, [1] abbreviated in English as CEFR, CEF, or CEFRL, is a guideline used to describe achievements of learners of foreign languages across Europe and, increasingly, in other countries. The CEFR is also intended to make it easier for educational institutions ...
Electronic system level (ESL) design and verification is an electronic design methodology, focused on higher abstraction level concerns. The term Electronic System Level or ESL Design was first defined by Gartner Dataquest, an EDA-industry-analysis firm, on February 1, 2001. [1] It is defined in ESL Design and Verification [2] as: "the ...
Cambridge English Qualifications aim to provide information about the learners’ level in each language skill (reading, writing, speaking and listening), to enable learners to take action on problem areas and monitor their progress. [11] This is also designed to allow students to be actively involved in their learning, and gain self-confidence ...
The Canadian Language Benchmarks ( CLB ), or Niveaux de compétence linguistique canadien ( NCLC) in French, comprise a 12-point scale of task-based language proficiency descriptors used to guide the teaching and assessment of ESL learners in Canada. Like the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages and the ACTFL Proficiency ...
English language teaching (ELT) is a widely used teacher-centered term, as in the English language teaching divisions of large publishing houses, ELT training, etc. Teaching English as a second language (TESL), teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL), and teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) are also used. [citation needed]
Cambridge Assessment English or Cambridge English develops and produces Cambridge English Qualifications and the International English Language Testing System ().The organisation contributed to the development of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), the standard used around the world to benchmark language skills, and its qualifications and tests are aligned with ...
The EF English Proficiency Index ( EF EPI) attempts to rank countries by the equity of English language skills amongst those adults who took the EF test. [2] It is the product of EF Education First, an international education company, and draws its conclusions from data collected via English tests available for free over the internet.
Website. ielts .org. International English Language Testing System ( IELTS / ˈaɪ.ɛlts /) [6] is an international standardized test of English language proficiency for non-native English language speakers. It is jointly managed by the British Council, IDP and Cambridge English, [6] and was established in 1989.