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2. Categorical proposition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categorical_proposition

   Categorical proposition. In logic, a categorical proposition, or categorical statement, is a proposition that asserts or denies that all or some of the members of one category (the subject term) are included in another (the predicate term). [1] The study of arguments using categorical statements (i.e., syllogisms) forms an important branch of ...

3. Predicand - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predicand

   In the most typical cases, the predicand corresponds to the subject of a clause, and the predicate corresponds to a verb phrase (VP) that is the head of the clause. But there are also form-meaning mismatches, where the predicand is not a subject or where the predicate is not the head of the clause. Also, not every utterance has a predicand.

4. Predication (philosophy) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predication_(philosophy)

   In Fregean semantics, predication is described as the relation where "an argument saturates an open position in the function, cf. the simplified formula". [12] In Abū’l-Barakāt al-Baghdādī ’s scientific philosophy, predication is the judgment of the existence of a thing towards a thing. [14] It does not constitute a judgment of the ...

5. Control (linguistics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_(linguistics)

   Control (linguistics) In linguistics, control is a construction in which the understood subject of a given predicate is determined by some expression in context. Stereotypical instances of control involve verbs. A superordinate verb "controls" the arguments of a subordinate, nonfinite verb. Control was intensively studied in the government and ...

6. Small clause - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_clause

   The modern definition of a small clause is an [NP XP] in a predicative relationship. This definition was proposed by Edwin Williams in 1980, who introduced the concept of Predication. [5] He proposed that the subject NP and the predicate XP are related via co-indexation, which is made possible by c-command. [5]

7. Argument (linguistics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_(linguistics)

   In linguistics, an argument is an expression that helps complete the meaning of a predicate, [1] the latter referring in this context to a main verb and its auxiliaries. In this regard, the complement is a closely related concept. Most predicates take one, two, or three arguments. A predicate and its arguments form a predicate-argument structure.