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The hierarchical system of Zen has attracted severe criticism in the west, because of the misconception of the role and degree of awakening of Zen teachers. [ 3 ] [ 35 ] [ 36 ] The term rōshi has been applied to implicate a certified state of awakening, implying impeccable moral behaviour.
The idea of a patriarchal lineage in Chan dates back to the epitaph for Fărú (法如 638–689), a disciple of the 5th patriarch, Daman Hongren (弘忍 601–674). In the Long Scroll of the Treatise on the Two Entrances and Four Practices and the Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks, Daoyu and Dazu Huike are the only explicitly identified disciples of Bodhidharma.
These "enlightened" teachers then proceeded to enlighten their own students in a similar way, and thus was born what is known as the "neo-Advaita", or "satsang" movement in western culture. [ 21 ] Some of Cohen's former followers, including his mother, Luna Tarlo, have viewed him as a manipulative spiritual teacher.
Part One: India and China: "Zen (Chin. Ch'an, an abbreviation of ch'an-na, which transliterates the Sanskrit Dhyāna (Devanagari: ध्यान) or its Pali cognate Jhāna (Sanskrit; Pāli झान), terms meaning "meditation") is the name of a Mahāyāna Buddhist school of meditation originating in China.
Adyashanti (/ ˌɑːdjəˈʃɑːnti / AHD-yə-SHAHN-tee; Sanskrit आद्य शान्तिः meaning 'primordial peace'; born Stephen Gray on October 26, 1962) is an American former spiritual teacher and author from the San Francisco Bay Area who offered talks, online study courses, and retreats in the United States and abroad. He is ...
The meaning of spirituality has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can be found alongside each other. [1] [2] [3] [note 1] Traditionally, spirituality referred to a religious process of re-formation which "aims to recover the original shape of man", [note 2] oriented at "the image of God" [4] [5] as exemplified by the founders and sacred texts of the religions of the world.
Williams stated in a related conference paper, "The thesis for my biography was that the life of J. Krishnamurti could be read in the context of a stream of philosophy, Advaita Vedanta, based on the ancient sacred texts, the Vedas". [32] Patnaik, Shuvendu (2015). "The Story of Krishnamurti – A Critical Perspective of His Life and Teachings ...
Gangaji. Born. Merle Antoinette Roberson. 1942 (age 81–82) Texas, U.S. Occupation. Spirtual writer. Gangaji. Gangaji (/ ˈɡɑːŋɡədʒi / GAHNG-gə-jee; born Merle Antoinette Roberson in Texas, 1942) is an American Neo-Advaita spiritual teacher and writer.