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Generalization is the concept that humans, animals, and artificial neural networks use past learning in present situations of learning if the conditions are similar. Learn about the research, implications, and types of generalization in learning, such as fear generalization and spaced learning.
Generalization is a form of abstraction that involves identifying common properties of specific instances and forming general concepts or claims. It is used in various disciplines, such as logic, mathematics, science, psychology, and cartography, to create models, inferences, and maps.
Classical conditioning is a behavioral procedure in which a neutral stimulus is paired with a biologically potent stimulus to produce a conditioned response. Learn about the history, procedures, and applications of classical conditioning, and how it differs from operant conditioning.
The mean value theorem (or Lagrange theorem) states that for a continuous and differentiable function on an interval, there exists a point where the tangent is parallel to the secant. Learn the history, proof, implications and generalizations of this important result in real analysis.
Nomothetic and idiographic are terms used to describe two distinct approaches to knowledge, each one corresponding to a different intellectual tendency and branch of academia. Idiographic means to understand the meaning of unique, contingent, and often cultural or subjective phenomena, while nomothetic means to derive laws that explain types or categories of objective phenomena.
A number theory result that relates prime numbers and powers of integers. Learn the history, proofs, generalizations and applications of Fermat's little theorem and its relation to Euler's theorem and RSA cryptosystem.
Learn about PAC learning, a framework for mathematical analysis of machine learning proposed by Leslie Valiant in 1984. Find definitions, examples, conditions, references and links related to PAC learning.
Euler's theorem (or Euler's totient theorem) states that, if n and a are coprime positive integers, then is congruent to modulo n, where denotes Euler's totient function. Learn about the proofs, applications, and generalizations of this number theory result.