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Memory management is a form of resource management applied to computer memory. The essential requirement of memory management is to provide ways to dynamically allocate portions of memory to programs at their request, and free it for reuse when no longer needed. This is critical to any advanced computer system where more than a single process ...
In operating systems, memory management is the function responsible for managing the computer's primary memory. [1] : 105–208. The memory management function keeps track of the status of each memory location, either allocated or free. It determines how memory is allocated among competing processes, deciding which gets memory, when they ...
A memory management unit ( MMU ), sometimes called paged memory management unit ( PMMU ), [1] is a computer hardware unit that examines all memory references on the memory bus, translating these requests, known as virtual memory addresses, into physical addresses in main memory . In modern systems, programs generally have addresses that access ...
In computing, an input–output memory management unit ( IOMMU) is a memory management unit (MMU) connecting a direct-memory-access –capable (DMA-capable) I/O bus to the main memory. Like a traditional MMU, which translates CPU -visible virtual addresses to physical addresses, the IOMMU maps device-visible virtual addresses (also called ...
Region-based memory management. In computer science, region-based memory management is a type of memory management in which each allocated object is assigned to a region. A region, also called a zone, arena, area, or memory context, is a collection of allocated objects that can be efficiently reallocated or deallocated all at once.
Memory paging. In computer operating systems, memory paging (or swapping on some Unix-like systems) is a memory management scheme by which a computer stores and retrieves data from secondary storage [a] for use in main memory. [citation needed] In this scheme, the operating system retrieves data from secondary storage in same-size blocks called ...
Virtual memory combines active RAM and inactive memory on DASD [a] to form a large range of contiguous addresses. In computing, virtual memory, or virtual storage, [b] is a memory management technique that provides an "idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine" [3] which "creates the illusion ...
Slab allocation. Slab allocation is a memory management mechanism intended for the efficient memory allocation of objects. In comparison with earlier mechanisms, it reduces fragmentation caused by allocations and deallocations. This technique is used for retaining allocated memory containing a data object of a certain type for reuse upon ...