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Taxation. The policy of taxation in the Philippines is governed chiefly by the Constitution of the Philippines and three Republic Acts . Constitution: Article VI, Section 28 of the Constitution states that "the rule of taxation shall be uniform and equitable" and that " Congress shall evolve a progressive system of taxation ". [1]
International taxation is the study or determination of tax on a person or business subject to the tax laws of different countries, or the international aspects of an individual country's tax laws as the case may be. Governments usually limit the scope of their income taxation in some manner territorially or provide for offsets to taxation ...
The Bureau of Internal Revenue [2] ( Filipino: Kawanihan ng Rentas Internas, or BIR) is a revenue service for the Philippine government, which is responsible for collecting more than half of the total tax revenues of the government. It is an agency of the Department of Finance and it is led by a Commissioner.
Tax withholding, also known as tax retention, pay-as-you-earn tax or tax deduction at source, is income tax paid to the government by the payer of the income rather than by the recipient of the income. The tax is thus withheld or deducted from the income due to the recipient. In most jurisdictions, tax withholding applies to employment income.
Map of the world showing national-level sales tax / VAT rates as of October 2019. Additional local taxes may apply. [citation needed]A comparison of tax rates by countries is difficult and somewhat subjective, as tax laws in most countries are extremely complex and the tax burden falls differently on different groups in each country and sub-national unit.
A capital gains tax ( CGT) is the tax on profits realized on the sale of a non-inventory asset. The most common capital gains are realized from the sale of stocks, bonds, precious metals, real estate, and property . Not all countries impose a capital gains tax, and most have different rates of taxation for individuals compared to corporations.
Double taxation. Double taxation is the levying of tax by two or more jurisdictions on the same income (in the case of income taxes ), asset (in the case of capital taxes ), or financial transaction (in the case of sales taxes ). Double liability may be mitigated in a number of ways, for example, a jurisdiction may: fully tax the foreign-source ...
A dividend tax is a tax imposed by a jurisdiction on dividends paid by a corporation to its shareholders (stockholders). The primary tax liability is that of the shareholder, though a tax obligation may also be imposed on the corporation in the form of a withholding tax. In some cases the withholding tax may be the extent of the tax liability ...