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  2. pH - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH

    In chemistry, pH (/ p iː ˈ eɪ tʃ / pee-AYCH), also referred to as acidity or basicity, historically denotes "potential of hydrogen" (or "power of hydrogen"). [1] It is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of aqueous solutions.

  3. Error bar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_bar

    Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us; Donate; Help; Learn to edit; Community portal; Recent changes; Upload file

  4. Error function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_function

    x erf x 1 − erf x; 0: 0: 1: 0.02: 0.022 564 575: 0.977 435 425: 0.04: 0.045 111 106: 0.954 888 894: 0.06: 0.067 621 594: 0.932 378 406: 0.08: 0.090 078 126: 0.909 ...

  5. Stoichiometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoichiometry

    Stoichiometry Add-In for Microsoft Excel Archived 2011-05-11 at the Wayback Machine for calculation of molecular weights, reaction coëfficients and stoichiometry. Reaction Stoichiometry Calculator a comprehensive free online reaction stoichiometry calculator.

  6. Confidence interval - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confidence_interval

    Each row of points is a sample from the same normal distribution. The colored lines are 50% confidence intervals for the mean, μ.At the center of each interval is the sample mean, marked with a diamond.

  7. Exponential decay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_decay

    Chemical reactions: The rates of certain types of chemical reactions depend on the concentration of one or another reactant. Reactions whose rate depends only on the concentration of one reactant (known as first-order reactions) consequently follow exponential decay. For instance, many enzyme-catalyzed reactions behave this way.

  8. Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_precision_in...

    Excel maintains 15 figures in its numbers, but they are not always accurate; mathematically, the bottom line should be the same as the top line, in 'fp-math' the step '1 + 1/9000' leads to a rounding up as the first bit of the 14 bit tail '10111000110010' of the mantissa falling off the table when adding 1 is a '1', this up-rounding is not undone when subtracting the 1 again, since there is no ...

  9. Standard addition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_addition

    Standard addition involves adding known amounts of analyte to an unknown sample, a process known as spiking.By increasing the number of spikes, the analyst can extrapolate for the analyte concentration in the unknown that has not been spiked. [2]