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Match fixing. In organized sports, match fixing (also known as game fixing, race fixing, or more generally sports fixing) is the act of playing or officiating a contest with the intention of achieving a pre-determined result, violating the rules of the game and often the law. There are many reasons why match fixing might take place, including ...
This article is a list of match fixing incidents and of matches that are widely suspected of having been fixed. American football [ edit ] The Canton Bulldogs–Massillon Tigers betting scandal , which is recognized as the first major scandal in professional football history, unfolded after the 1906 Ohio League championship series.
Fixed-odds betting. Fixed-odds betting is a form of gambling where individuals place bets on the outcome of an event, such as sports matches or horse races, at predetermined odds. In fixed-odds betting, the odds are fixed and determined at the time of placing the bet. These odds reflect the likelihood of a particular outcome occurring.
Propensity score matching. In the statistical analysis of observational data, propensity score matching ( PSM) is a statistical matching technique that attempts to estimate the effect of a treatment, policy, or other intervention by accounting for the covariates that predict receiving the treatment. PSM attempts to reduce the bias due to ...
The issue of match fixing in association football has been described, in 2013, by Chris Eaton, the former Head of Security of FIFA (the sport's world governing body), as a "crisis", [1] while UEFA 's president Michel Platini has said that if it continues, "football is dead". [2] Zhang Jilong, president of the Asian Football Confederation, has ...
A Europol investigation into match-fixing by criminal syndicates published its initial findings in February 2013. Of 380 matches in Europe alleged to be fixed, one took place in England. The match, a UEFA Champions League tie from the "last three or four years", was not named due to "ongoing judicial proceedings".
In 2022, the sport was rocked by the biggest scandal in its history when a match-fixing ring was unmasked, which led to ten Chinese players— Liang Wenbo, Li Hang, Lu Ning, Yan Bingtao, Zhao Xintong, Zhao Jianbo, Chang Bingyu, Bai Langning, Chen Zifan and Zhang Jiankang —being banned for match-fixing offences.
The issue of match fixing in tennis is an ongoing problem. First reported on by The Sunday Telegraph in 2003, [1] an organisation called the Tennis Integrity Unit was set up in 2008 following an investigation into the problem. [2] In 2011, Daniel Köllerer became the first player to receive a lifetime ban from the sport due to match fixing. [3]