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The public market equivalent (PME) is a collection of performance measures developed to assess private equity funds and to overcome the limitations of the internal rate of return and multiple on invested capital measurements. While the calculations differ, they all attempt to measure the return from deploying a private equity fund's cash flows ...
The marginal cost of public funds ( MCF) is a concept in public finance which measures the loss incurred by society in raising additional revenues to finance government spending due to the distortion of resource allocation caused by taxation. [1] Formally, it is defined as the ratio of the marginal value of a monetary unit raised by the ...
Taxation. A Lindahl tax is a form of taxation conceived by Erik Lindahl in which individuals pay for public goods according to their marginal benefits. In other words, they pay according to the amount of satisfaction or utility they derive from the consumption of an additional unit of the public good.
Public float. In the context of stock markets, the public float or free float represents the portion of shares of a corporation that are in the hands of public investors as opposed to locked-in shares held by promoters, company officers, controlling-interest investors, or governments. This number is sometimes seen as a better way of calculating ...
The Taylor rule is a monetary policy targeting rule. The rule was proposed in 1992 by American economist John B. Taylor [1] for central banks to use to stabilize economic activity by appropriately setting short-term interest rates. [2] The rule considers the federal funds rate, the price level and changes in real income. [3]
Net asset value (NAV) is the value of an entity's assets minus the value of its liabilities, often in relation to open-end, mutual funds, hedge funds, and venture capital funds. [1] [2] Shares of such funds registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission are usually bought and redeemed at their net asset value. [3]
Life science crowding in contrasts with crowding out in public funding of research more widely: "10% increase in government R&D funding reduced private R&D expenditure by 3%...In Australia, the average cost of public funds is estimated to be $1.20 and $1.30 for each dollar raised (Robson, 2005). The marginal cost is probably higher, but ...
e. In economics and accounting, the cost of capital is the cost of a company's funds (both debt and equity ), or from an investor's point of view is "the required rate of return on a portfolio company's existing securities". [1] It is used to evaluate new projects of a company.