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Tramadol, sold under the brand name Ultram among others, [1] is an opioid pain medication and a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) used to treat moderately severe pain. [3] [13] When taken by mouth in an immediate-release formulation, the onset of pain relief usually begins within an hour. [3]
Syncope (fainting) Blurred vision. Dyspnoea (shortness of breath) Tinnitus (ringing in the ears) Migraine. Stevens–Johnson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis (potentially fatal skin reactions) Motorial weakness. Creatinine increase. Elevated liver enzymes.
Pain ladder. "Pain ladder", or analgesic ladder, was created by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a guideline for the use of drugs in the management of pain. Originally published in 1986 for the management of cancer pain, it is now widely used by medical professionals for the management of all types of pain .
Codeine is an opiate and prodrug of morphine mainly used to treat pain, coughing, and diarrhea. It is also commonly used as a recreational drug. It is found naturally in the sap of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum. [4] [6] It is typically used to treat mild to moderate degrees of pain.
D09999. Tramadol/paracetamol, also known as tramadol/acetaminophen and sold under the brand name Ultracet among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. [3] [4] It contains tramadol, as the hydrochloride, an analgesic; and paracetamol an analgesic. [3] [4] It is taken by mouth.
Desmetramadol ( INN ), also known as O-desmethyltramadol ( O-DSMT ), is an opioid analgesic and the main active metabolite of tramadol. [2] Tramadol is demethylated by the liver enzyme CYP2D6 [3] to desmetramadol in the same way as codeine, and so similarly to the variation in effects seen with codeine, individuals who have a less active form ...
Oral administration of a liquid. In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the way by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. [1] Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Common examples include oral and intravenous administration.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [1] [3] ( NSAID) [1] are members of a therapeutic drug class which reduces pain, [4] decreases inflammation, decreases fever, [1] and prevents blood clots. Side effects depend on the specific drug, its dose and duration of use, but largely include an increased risk of gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeds ...