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However, the Levi-Civita symbol is a pseudotensor because under an orthogonal transformation of Jacobian determinant −1, for example, a reflection in an odd number of dimensions, it should acquire a minus sign if it were a tensor. As it does not change at all, the Levi-Civita symbol is, by definition, a pseudotensor.
The National emblem of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: "Quốc huy nước Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam", lit. 'State emblem of the nation of Socialist Republic of Vietnam') or simply the Emblem of Vietnam, is one of the official national symbols representing the state of Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
Public administration is both an academic discipline and a field of practice; the latter is depicted in this picture of U.S. federal public servants at a meeting.. Public administration, or public policy and administration refers to "the management of public programs", [1] or the "translation of politics into the reality that citizens see every day", [2] and also to the academic discipline ...
Anarchy is a form of society without rulers.As a type of stateless society, it is commonly contrasted with states, which are centralised polities that claim a monopoly on violence over a permanent territory.
Government bonds can be denominated in a foreign currency or the government's domestic currency. Countries with less stable economies tend to denominate their bonds in the currency of a country with a more stable economy (i.e. a hard currency). All bonds carry default risk; that is, the possibility that the government will be unable to pay ...
Democratic socialism is defined as having a socialist economy in which the means of production are socially and collectively owned or controlled [3] alongside a democratic political system of government. [39] Democratic socialists reject most self-described socialist states, which followed Marxism–Leninism. [40]
Great Seal of the Union – authorised by King George V in 1910, and used until 1937 on state documents signed by the Governor-General. [1]Royal Great Seal of the Union – authorised by the Royal Executive Functions and Seals Act 1934, and used until 1961 on state documents signed by the monarch on the advice of the South African government.
In state-oriented forms of market socialism, in which state enterprises attempt to maximise profit, the profits can be used to fund government programs and services through a social dividend, eliminating or greatly diminishing the need for various forms of taxation that exist in capitalist systems.