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Malnutrition occurs when an organism gets too few or too many nutrients, resulting in health problems. [11] [12] Specifically, it is "a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients " which adversely affects the body's tissues and form. [13] Malnutrition is not receiving the correct amount of nutrition.
Metabolic acidosis is a serious electrolyte disorder characterized by an imbalance in the body's acid-base balance. Metabolic acidosis has three main root causes: increased acid production, loss of bicarbonate, and a reduced ability of the kidneys to excrete excess acids. [5]
Electrolyte imbalance. Diagram of ion concentrations and charge across a semi-permeable cellular membrane. Electrolyte imbalance, or water-electrolyte imbalance, is an abnormality in the concentration of electrolytes in the body. Electrolytes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. They help to regulate heart and neurological ...
Specialty. Endocrinology. Protein–energy undernutrition ( PEU ), once called protein-energy malnutrition ( PEM ), is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of conditions arising from coincident lack of dietary protein and/or energy ( calories) in varying proportions. The condition has mild, moderate, and severe degrees.
Energy homeostasis. In biology, energy homeostasis, or the homeostatic control of energy balance, is a biological process that involves the coordinated homeostatic regulation of food intake (energy inflow) and energy expenditure (energy outflow). [1] [2] [3] The human brain, particularly the hypothalamus, plays a central role in regulating ...
Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency. It can occur in anyone with severe malnutrition but usually occurs in children. Body weight is reduced to less than 62% of the normal (expected) body weight for the age. [1] Marasmus occurrence increases prior to age 1, whereas kwashiorkor occurrence increases after ...
Magnesium salts [2] Frequency. Relatively common (hospitalized people) [2] Magnesium deficiency is an electrolyte disturbance in which there is a low level of magnesium in the body. It can result in multiple symptoms. [3] Symptoms include tremor, poor coordination, muscle spasms, loss of appetite, personality changes, and nystagmus.
Specialty. Endocrinology. Vitamin deficiency is the condition of a long-term lack of a vitamin. When caused by not enough vitamin intake it is classified as a primary deficiency, whereas when due to an underlying disorder such as malabsorption it is called a secondary deficiency. An underlying disorder can have 2 main causes: