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The concept is commonly used in insect population ecology or management to determine how environmental factors affect the rate at which pest populations increase. See also exponential population growth and logistic population growth. [18]
With regard to native species, invaders may cause changes in size and age structure, distribution, density, population growth, and may even drive populations to extinction. [2] Examples of prominent invaders of lentic systems include the zebra mussel and sea lamprey in the Great Lakes.
Organizational ecology can be usefully compared with evolutionary theories in economics (e.g. Nelson & Winter, 1982). [1] Hannan and Freeman also note the influences of biological ecology and economic evolution on their population ecology model (specifically Elton, 1927; Durkheim, 1947; Hawley, 1950; and Hutchison, 1959). [2]
The relationship between ecosystem complexity and stability is a major topic of interest in ecology.Use of ecological networks makes it possible to analyze the effects of the network properties described above on the stability of an ecosystem.
Functional ecology is a branch of ecology that focuses on the roles, or functions, that species play in the community or ecosystem in which they occur. In this approach, physiological, anatomical, and life history characteristics of the species are emphasized.
Forest ecology is the scientific study of the interrelated ... forest ecology most often concentrates on the level of the population, ... where soil structure, ...
The Society for Ecological Restoration defines restoration as "the process of assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged, or destroyed." [1] Restoration ecology is the academic study of the science of restoration, whereas ecological restoration is the implementation by practitioners. [19]
While genetic variation may decrease with remnant population size, not all fragmentation events lead to genetic losses and different types of genetic variation. Rarely, fragmentation can also increase gene flow among remnant populations, breaking down local genetic structure. [38]