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In object-oriented programming, inheritance is the mechanism of basing an object or class upon another object ( prototype-based inheritance) or class ( class-based inheritance ), retaining similar implementation. Also defined as deriving new classes ( sub classes) from existing ones such as super class or base class and then forming them into a ...
Composition over inheritance (or composite reuse principle) in object-oriented programming (OOP) is the principle that classes should favor polymorphic behavior and code reuse by their composition (by containing instances of other classes that implement the desired functionality) over inheritance from a base or parent class. [2]
t. e. In programming language theory and type theory, polymorphism is the use of a single symbol to represent multiple different types. [1] In object-oriented programming, polymorphism is the provision of a single interface to entities of different types. [2] The concept is borrowed from a principle in biology where an organism or species can ...
In object oriented programming, the factory method pattern is a creational pattern that uses factory methods to deal with the problem of creating objects without having to specify their exact class. Rather than by calling a constructor, this is done by calling a factory method to create an object. Factory methods can either be specified in an ...
Multiple inheritance. Multiple inheritance is a feature of some object-oriented computer programming languages in which an object or class can inherit features from more than one parent object or parent class. It is distinct from single inheritance, where an object or class may only inherit from one particular object or class.
Within the type system of a programming language, a typing rule for a type constructor I is: covariant if it preserves the ordering of types (≤), which orders types from more specific to more generic: If A ≤ B, then I<A> ≤ I<B>; contravariant if it reverses this ordering: If A ≤ B, then I<B> ≤ I<A>;
Object-oriented languages support all of the features of object-oriented programming (OOP): abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism: Object-based languages support a subset of the features of OOP, such as polymorphism or inheritance. [citation needed] Examples: C++, C#, Java, etc. Examples: Visual Basic (pre-.NET) [citation needed]
Bridge pattern. The bridge pattern is a design pattern used in software engineering that is meant to "decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently", introduced by the Gang of Four. [1] The bridge uses encapsulation, aggregation, and can use inheritance to separate responsibilities into different classes .