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e. Varṇa ( Sanskrit: वर्ण, Hindi pronunciation: [ʋəɾ'ɳə] ), in the context of Hinduism, [1] refers to a social class within a hierarchical traditional Hindu society. [2] [3] The ideology is epitomized in texts like Manusmriti, [1] [4] [5] which describes and ranks four varnas, and prescribes their occupations, requirements and ...
Other Backward Class. The Other Backward Class (OBC) is a collective term used by the Government of India to classify castes that are educationally or socially backward. It is one of several official classifications of the population of India, along with general castes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (SCs and STs).
In modern literature, the Scheduled Castes are sometimes referred to as Dalit, meaning "broken" or "dispersed" for the untouchables. The term having been popularised by the Dalit leader B. R. Ambedkar during the independence struggle. Ambedkar preferred the term Dalit over Gandhi's term Harijan, meaning "people of Hari" (lit.
from Hindi and Urdu: An acknowledged leader in a field, from the Mughal rulers of India like Akbar and Shah Jahan, the builder of the Taj Mahal. Maharaja. from Hindi and Sanskrit: A great king. Mantra. from Hindi and Sanskrit: a word or phrase used in meditation. Masala. from Urdu, to refer to Indian flavoured spices.
The working class, or proletariat in Marxist terms, includes all employees who are compensated with wage or salary -based contracts. [1] [2] Working class occupations include blue-collar jobs, and most pink-collar jobs. Members of the working class rely exclusively upon earnings from wage labour; thus, according to more inclusive definitions ...
Marxian class theory asserts that an individual's position within a class hierarchy is determined by their role in the production process, and argues that political and ideological consciousness is determined by class position. [1] A class is those who share common economic interests, are conscious of those interests, and engage in collective ...
State list. Below is a list of Muslim communities that have been accorded Other Backward Classes status by the Government of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and Karnataka state government. [4] 1. Achchukattalavandlu, Singali, Singamvallu, Achchupanivallu, Achchukattuvaru, Achukatlavandlu. 2.
Modern Standard Hindi, ( आधुनिक मानक हिन्दी, Ādhunik Mānak Hindī) [14] commonly referred to as Hindi, is the standardised variety of the Hindustani language used as the official language of India alongside English. It is written in Devanagari script and is the lingua franca of North India.