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Information can be defined exactly by set theory: "Information is a selection from the domain of information". The "domain of information" is a set that the sender and receiver of information must know before exchanging information. Digital information, for example, consists of building blocks that are all number sequences.
Information science is an academic field which is primarily concerned with analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information. [1]
e. Information theory is the mathematical study of the quantification, storage, and communication of information. The field was originally established by the works of Harry Nyquist and Ralph Hartley, in the 1920s, and Claude Shannon in the 1940s. [1] : vii The field, in applied mathematics, is at the intersection of probability theory ...
The philosophy of information ( PI) is a branch of philosophy that studies topics relevant to information processing, representational system and consciousness, cognitive science, computer science, information science and information technology . It includes:
Information literacy. The Association of College and Research Libraries defines information literacy as a "set of integrated abilities encompassing the reflective discovery of information, the understanding of how information is produced and valued and the use of information in creating new knowledge and participating ethically in communities ...
An information system ( IS) is a formal, sociotechnical, organizational system designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information. [1] From a sociotechnical perspective, information systems are composed by four components: task, people, structure (or roles), and technology. [2] Information systems can be defined as an integration ...
Information and communications technology ( ICT) is an extensional term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications [1] and the integration of telecommunications ( telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers, as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage and audiovisual, that enable ...
Informatics is the study of computational systems. [1] [2] According to the ACM Europe Council and Informatics Europe, informatics is synonymous with computer science and computing as a profession, [3] in which the central notion is transformation of information. [1] [4] In some cases, the term "informatics" may also be used with different ...