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Bootstrapping is any test or metric that uses random sampling with replacement (e.g. mimicking the sampling process), and falls under the broader class of resampling methods. Bootstrapping assigns measures of accuracy ( bias, variance, confidence intervals, prediction error, etc.) to sample estimates.
The uncertainty theory invented by Baoding Liu [1] is a branch of mathematics based on normality, monotonicity, self-duality, countable subadditivity, and product measure axioms. [clarification needed] Mathematical measures of the likelihood of an event being true include probability theory, capacity, fuzzy logic, possibility, and credibility ...
Decision analysis (DA) is the discipline comprising the philosophy, methodology, and professional practice necessary to address important decisions in a formal manner. . Decision analysis includes many procedures, methods, and tools for identifying, clearly representing, and formally assessing important aspects of a decision; for prescribing a recommended course of action by applying the ...
Common technical definition. Accuracy is the proximity of measurement results to the accepted value; precision is the degree to which repeated (or reproducible) measurements under unchanged conditions show the same results. In the fields of science and engineering, the accuracy of a measurement system is the degree of closeness of measurements ...
Uncertainty reduction theory. The uncertainty reduction theory, also known as initial interaction theory, developed in 1975 by Charles Berger and Richard Calabrese, is a communication theory from the post-positivist tradition. It is one of the few communication theories that specifically looks into the initial interaction between people prior ...
Full width at half maximum. In a distribution, full width at half maximum ( FWHM) is the difference between the two values of the independent variable at which the dependent variable is equal to half of its maximum value. In other words, it is the width of a spectrum curve measured between those points on the y -axis which are half the maximum ...
A confidence band is used in statistical analysis to represent the uncertainty in an estimate of a curve or function based on limited or noisy data. Similarly, a prediction band is used to represent the uncertainty about the value of a new data-point on the curve, but subject to noise. Confidence and prediction bands are often used as part of ...
Informally, in frequentist statistics, a confidence interval ( CI) is an interval which is expected to typically contain the parameter being estimated. More specifically, given a confidence level (95% and 99% are typical values), a CI is a random interval which contains the parameter being estimated % of the time.