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The investment performance is measured over a specific period of time and in a specific currency. Investors often distinguish different types of return. One is the distinction between the total return and the price return , where the former takes into account income ( interest and dividends ), whereas the latter only takes into account capital ...
It is one of the most commonly followed equity indices and includes approximately 80% of the total market capitalization of U.S. public companies, with an aggregate market cap of more than $43 trillion as of January 2024. [2] [5] The S&P 500 index is a free-float weighted/ capitalization-weighted index. As of December 29, 2023, the nine largest ...
Total return. The total return on a portfolio of investments takes into account not only the capital appreciation on the portfolio, but also the income received on the portfolio. [1] The income typically consists of interest, dividends, and securities lending fees. This contrasts with the price return, which takes into account only the capital ...
Investment. Investment is traditionally defined as the "commitment of resources to achieve later benefits". If an investment involves money, then it can be defined as a "commitment of money to receive more money later". From a broader viewpoint, an investment can be defined as "to tailor the pattern of expenditure and receipt of resources to ...
Return on investment. Return on investment ( ROI) or return on costs ( ROC) is the ratio between net income (over a period) and investment (costs resulting from an investment of some resources at a point in time). A high ROI means the investment's gains compare favourably to its cost. As a performance measure, ROI is used to evaluate the ...
Performance attribution, or investment performance attribution is a set of techniques that performance analysts use to explain why a portfolio 's performance differed from the benchmark. This difference between the portfolio return and the benchmark return is known as the active return. The active return is the component of a portfolio's ...
The NASDAQ spiked during the dot-com bubble in the late 1990s, a result of the large number of technology companies on that index. In finance, a stock index, or stock market index, is an index that measures the performance of a stock market, or of a subset of a stock market. It helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices ...
Sharpe ratio. In finance, the Sharpe ratio (also known as the Sharpe index, the Sharpe measure, and the reward-to-variability ratio) measures the performance of an investment such as a security or portfolio compared to a risk-free asset, after adjusting for its risk. It is defined as the difference between the returns of the investment and the ...