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Modern Standard Hindi ( Hindi: आधुनिक मानक हिन्दी, romanized : Ādhunik Mānak Hindī ), [14] commonly referred to as Hindi (Hindi: हिन्दी, [a] Hindī ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in North India, and serves as the lingua franca of the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern ...
Hindi literature ( Hindi: हिन्दी साहित्य, romanized : hindī sāhitya) includes literature in the various Hindi languages which have different writing systems. Earliest forms of Hindi literature are attested in poetry of Apabhraṃśa like Awadhi, and Marwari languages. Hindi literature is composed in three broad ...
Etymology Further information: Hindu The word Hindū is an exonym, and is derived from the Sanskrit root Sindhu, believed to be the name of the Indus River in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent. [note 11] The Proto-Iranian sound change *s > h occurred between 850 and 600 BCE, according to Asko Parpola. [28] According to Gavin Flood, "The actual term Hindu first occurs as a ...
from Hindi and Urdu: An acknowledged leader in a field, from the Mughal rulers of India like Akbar and Shah Jahan, the builder of the Taj Mahal. Maharaja. from Hindi and Sanskrit: A great king. Mantra. from Hindi and Sanskrit: a word or phrase used in meditation. Masala. from Urdu, to refer to Indian flavoured spices.
During this time Hindustani was the language of both Hindus and Muslims. The non-communal nature of the language lasted until the British Raj in India, when in 1837 Hindustani in the Persian script (i.e. Urdu) replaced Persian as the official language and was made co-official along with English.
Old Hindi. Old Hindi, [A] or Khariboli was the earliest stage of the Hindustani language, and so the ancestor of today's Modern Standard Hindi and Standard Urdu registers. [2] It developed from Shauraseni Prakrit and was spoken by the peoples of the region around Delhi, in roughly the 10th–13th centuries before the Delhi Sultanate.
Avadhūta ( IAST avadhūta, written as अवधूत) is a Sanskrit term from the root 'to shake' (see V. S. Apte and Monier-Williams) that, among its many uses, in some Indian religions indicates a type of mystic or saint who is beyond egoic-consciousness, duality and common worldly concerns and acts without consideration for standard social ...
Namaste ( Namas + te) is derived from Sanskrit and is a combination of the word namas and the second person dative pronoun in its enclitic form, te. [7] The word namaḥ takes the sandhi form namas before the sound te. [8] [9] It is found in the Vedic literature. Namas-krita and related terms appear in the Hindu scripture Rigveda such as in the ...