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Relative change. In any quantitative science, the terms relative change and relative difference are used to compare two quantities while taking into account the "sizes" of the things being compared, i.e. dividing by a standard or reference or starting value. [1] The comparison is expressed as a ratio and is a unitless number.
In mathematics, a percentage (from Latin per centum 'by a hundred') is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign (%), [1] although the abbreviations pct., pct, and sometimes pc are also used. [2] A percentage is a dimensionless number (pure number), primarily used for expressing proportions ...
In statistics, the 68–95–99.7 rule, also known as the empirical rule, and sometimes abbreviated 3ss, is a shorthand used to remember the percentage of values that lie within an interval estimate in a normal distribution: 68%, 95%, and 99.7% of the values lie within one, two, and three standard deviations of the mean, respectively.
Percentage point. A percentage point or percent point is the unit for the arithmetic difference between two percentages. For example, moving up from 40 percent to 44 percent is an increase of 4 percentage points (although it is a 10-percent increase in the quantity being measured, if the total amount remains the same). [1]
Decade (log scale) Four grids spanning three decades of resolution: One thousand 0.001s, one-hundred 0.01s, ten 0.1s, one 1. One decade (symbol dec [1]) is a unit for measuring ratios on a logarithmic scale, with one decade corresponding to a ratio of 10 between two numbers. [2]
The geometric mean can be an unreliable measure of central tendency for a dataset where one or more values are extremely close to zero in comparison to the other members of the dataset. The geometric mean of two numbers, say 2 and 8, is just the square root of their product, that is, . The geometric mean of the three numbers 4, 1, and 1/32 is ...
Another memory trick to calculate the allowed downtime duration for an "-nines" availability percentage is to use the formula seconds per day. For example, 90% ("one nine") yields the exponent 4 − 1 = 3 {\displaystyle 4-1=3} , and therefore the allowed downtime is 8.64 × 10 3 {\displaystyle 8.64\times 10^{3}} seconds per day.
Centimorgan. In genetics, a centimorgan (abbreviated cM) or map unit ( m.u.) is a unit for measuring genetic linkage. It is defined as the distance between chromosome positions (also termed loci or markers) for which the expected average number of intervening chromosomal crossovers in a single generation is 0.01.
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