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G (key-generator) generates a public key (pk), and a corresponding private key (sk), on input 1 n, where n is the security parameter. S (signing) returns a tag, t , on the inputs: the private key ( sk ), and a string ( x ).
One-time pad. A format of one-time pad used by the U.S. National Security Agency, code named DIANA. The table on the right is an aid for converting between plaintext and ciphertext using the characters at left as the key. In cryptography, the one-time pad ( OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a single ...
Public key fingerprint. In public-key cryptography, a public key fingerprint is a short sequence of bytes used to identify a longer public key. Fingerprints are created by applying a cryptographic hash function to a public key. Since fingerprints are shorter than the keys they refer to, they can be used to simplify certain key management tasks.
A GoldKey security token connected to a laptop. A security token is a peripheral device used to gain access to an electronically restricted resource. The token is used in addition to, or in place of, a password. [1] Examples of security tokens include wireless keycards used to open locked doors, a banking token used as a digital authenticator ...
Identity-based cryptography. Identity-based cryptography is a type of public-key cryptography in which a publicly known string representing an individual or organization is used as a public key. The public string could include an email address, domain name, or a physical IP address. The first implementation of identity-based signatures and an ...
Software licensing. A software license is a legal instrument that governs the usage and distribution of computer software. Often, such licenses are enforced by implementing in the software a product activation or digital rights management (DRM) mechanism, seeking to prevent unauthorized use of the software by issuing a code sequence that must be entered into the application when prompted or ...
Symmetric -key algorithms [a] are algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both the encryption of plaintext and the decryption of ciphertext. The keys may be identical, or there may be a simple transformation to go between the two keys. [1] The keys, in practice, represent a shared secret between two or more parties ...
Key generation. Key generation is the process of generating keys in cryptography. A key is used to encrypt and decrypt whatever data is being encrypted/decrypted. A device or program used to generate keys is called a key generator or keygen .