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Pre-shared key WPA and WPA2 remain vulnerable to password cracking attacks if users rely on a weak password or passphrase. WPA passphrase hashes are seeded from the SSID name and its length; rainbow tables exist for the top 1,000 network SSIDs and a multitude of common passwords, requiring only a quick lookup to speed up cracking WPA-PSK.
The WPS push button (center, blue) on a wireless router showing the symbol defined by the Wi-Fi Alliance for this function. Wi-Fi Protected Setup ( WPS) originally, Wi-Fi Simple Config, is a network security standard to create a secure wireless home network . Created by Cisco and introduced in 2006, the point of the protocol is to allow home ...
The WPA profile also provides optional support for the AES-CCMP algorithm that is the preferred algorithm in 802.11i and WPA2. WPA Enterprise provides RADIUS based authentication using 802.1X. WPA Personal uses a pre-shared Shared Key to establish the security using an 8 to 63 character passphrase. The PSK may also be entered as a 64 character ...
Passphrase. A passphrase is a sequence of words or other text used to control access to a computer system, program or data. It is similar to a password in usage, but a passphrase is generally longer for added security. Passphrases are often used to control both access to, and the operation of, cryptographic programs and systems, especially ...
Pre-shared key. In cryptography, a pre-shared key ( PSK) is a shared secret which was previously shared between the two parties using some secure channel before it needs to be used. [1]
wpa_supplicant. wpa_supplicant is a free software implementation of an IEEE 802.11i supplicant for Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, QNX, AROS, Microsoft Windows, Solaris, OS/2 (including ArcaOS and eComStation) [2] and Haiku. [3] In addition to being a WPA3 and WPA2 supplicant, it also implements WPA and older wireless LAN security protocols.
Both WPA and WPA2 are much more secure than WEP. To add support for WPA or WPA2, some old Wi-Fi access points might need to be replaced or have their firmware upgraded. WPA was designed as an interim software-implementable solution for WEP that could forestall immediate deployment of new hardware.
IEEE 802.11i-2004, or 802.11i for short, is an amendment to the original IEEE 802.11, implemented as Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2). The draft standard was ratified on 24 June 2004. This standard specifies security mechanisms for wireless networks, replacing the short Authentication and privacy clause of the original standard with a detailed ...