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  2. TNT - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TNT

    Trinitrotoluene (/ ˌ t r aɪ ˌ n aɪ t r oʊ ˈ t ɒ lj u iː n /), more commonly known as TNT, more specifically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and by its preferred IUPAC name 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, [citation needed] is a chemical compound with the formula C 6 H 2 (NO 2) 3 CH 3.

  3. Seawater - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seawater

    Chemical composition. Seawater contains more dissolved ions than all types of freshwater. However, the ratios of solutes differ dramatically. For instance, although seawater contains about 2.8 times more bicarbonate than river water, the percentage of bicarbonate in seawater as a ratio of all dissolved ions is far lower than in river water ...

  4. Empirical formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical_formula

    Step 1: Change each percentage to an expression of the mass of each element in grams. That is, 48.64% C becomes 48.64 g C, 8.16% H becomes 8.16 g H, and 43.20% O becomes 43.20 g O. Step 2: Convert the amount of each element in grams to its amount in moles. Step 3: Divide each of the resulting values by the smallest of these values (2.7)

  5. Vanillin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanillin

    Vanillin is an organic compound with the molecular formula C 8 H 8 O 3. It is a phenolic aldehyde. Its functional groups include aldehyde, hydroxyl, and ether. It is the primary component of the extract of the vanilla bean. Synthetic vanillin is now used more often than natural vanilla extract as a flavoring in foods, beverages, and ...

  6. Lime (material) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lime_(material)

    Lime is an inorganic material composed primarily of calcium oxides and hydroxides, usually calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide. It is also the name for calcium oxide which occurs as a product of coal-seam fires and in altered limestone xenoliths in volcanic ejecta. [1] The International Mineralogical Association recognizes lime as a mineral ...

  7. Cellulose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose

    The chemical formula of cellulose is (C 6 H 10 O 5) n where n is the degree of polymerization and represents the number of glucose groups. [21] Plant-derived cellulose is usually found in a mixture with hemicellulose , lignin , pectin and other substances, while bacterial cellulose is quite pure, has a much higher water content and higher ...

  8. Sodium chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_chloride

    Sodium chloride / ˌsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. In its edible form, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and ...

  9. Sodium carbonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_carbonate

    Sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na 2 CO 3 ·10H 2 O), also known as washing soda, is the most common hydrate of sodium carbonate containing 10 molecules of water of crystallization. Soda ash is dissolved in water and crystallized to get washing soda. It is one of the few metal carbonates that is soluble in water.