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2. Fold change - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_change

   Fold change. Fold change is a measure describing how much a quantity changes between an original and a subsequent measurement. It is defined as the ratio between the two quantities; for quantities A and B the fold change of B with respect to A is B / A. In other words, a change from 30 to 60 is defined as a fold-change of 2.

3. Percentage - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage

   The percent value can also be found by multiplying first instead of later, so in this example, the 50 would be multiplied by 100 to give 5,000, and this result would be divided by 1250 to give 4%. To calculate a percentage of a percentage, convert both percentages to fractions of 100, or to decimals, and multiply them. For example, 50% of 40% is:

4. Percentage point - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point

   Percentage point. A percentage point or percent point is the unit for the arithmetic difference between two percentages. For example, moving up from 40 percent to 44 percent is an increase of 4 percentage points (although it is a 10-percent increase in the quantity being measured, if the total amount remains the same). [1]

5. Basis point - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point

   A basis point (often abbreviated as bp, often pronounced as "bip" or "beep" [1]) is one hundredth of 1 percentage point. Changes of interest rates are often stated in basis points. For example, if an existing interest rate of 10 percent is increased by 1 basis point, the new interest rate would be 10.01 percent. [2]

6. Rate (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_(mathematics)

   In mathematics, a rate is the quotient of two quantities in different units of measurement, often represented as a fraction. If the divisor (or fraction denominator) in the rate is equal to one expressed as a single unit, and if it is assumed that this quantity can be changed systematically (i.e., is an independent variable), then the dividend (the fraction numerator) of the rate expresses the ...

7. Grade (slope) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade_(slope)

   Grade (slope) The grade (US) or gradient (UK) (also called stepth, slope, incline, mainfall, pitch or rise) of a physical feature, landform or constructed line refers to the tangent of the angle of that surface to the horizontal. It is a special case of the slope, where zero indicates horizontality. A larger number indicates higher or steeper ...

8. Accuracy and precision - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accuracy_and_precision

   Accuracy is how close a given set of measurements ( observations or readings) are to their true value . Precision is how close the measurements are to each other. In other words: Precision is a description of random errors (a measure of statistical variability ). Accuracy has two definitions, per ISO: [1]

9. Round-off error - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round-off_error

   The condition number of a problem is the ratio of the relative change in the solution to the relative change in the input. A problem is well-conditioned if small relative changes in input result in small relative changes in the solution. Otherwise, the problem is ill-conditioned.