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Net present value. The net present value ( NPV) or net present worth ( NPW) [1] is a way of measuring the value of an asset that has cashflow by adding up the present value of all the future cash flows that asset will generate. The present value of a cash flow depends on the interval of time between now and the cash flow because of the Time ...
Cost–benefit analysis is often used by organizations to appraise the desirability of a given policy. It is an analysis of the expected balance of benefits and costs, including an account of any alternatives and the status quo. CBA helps predict whether the benefits of a policy outweigh its costs (and by how much), relative to other ...
In the United States, Social Security is the commonly used term for the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance ( OASDI) program and is administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA). [1] The Social Security Act was passed in 1935, [2] and the existing version of the Act, as amended, [3] encompasses several social welfare ...
v. t. e. In business and accounting, net income (also total comprehensive income, net earnings, net profit, bottom line, sales profit, or credit sales) is an entity's income minus cost of goods sold, expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest, and taxes for an accounting period. [1] [2]
A net (sometimes written nett) value is the resultant amount after accounting for the sum or difference of two or more variables. In economics, it is frequently used to imply the remaining value after accounting for a specific, commonly understood deduction. In these cases it is contrasted with the term gross, which refers to the pre-deduction ...
Today's term: cost-benefit analysis. Most of us are familiar with the term, and have a basic grasp of it. It refers to how a project or decision might be evaluated, comparing its costs with its ...
Zero-sum game. Zero-sum game is a mathematical representation in game theory and economic theory of a situation that involves two sides, where the result is an advantage for one side and an equivalent loss for the other. [1] In other words, player one's gain is equivalent to player two's loss, with the result that the net improvement in benefit ...
Benefit–cost ratio. A benefit–cost ratio [1] ( BCR) is an indicator, used in cost–benefit analysis, that attempts to summarize the overall value for money of a project or proposal. A BCR is the ratio of the benefits of a project or proposal, expressed in monetary terms, relative to its costs, also expressed in monetary terms.