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  2. Euler's identity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_identity

    Exponential function; Applications; compound interest; Euler's identity; Euler's formula; half-lives. exponential growth and decay; Defining e; proof that e is irrational; representations of e; Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem; People; John Napier; Leonhard Euler; Related topics; Schanuel's conjecture

  3. Laplace transform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laplace_transform

    In mathematics, the Laplace transform, named after Pierre-Simon Laplace (/ l ə ˈ p l ɑː s /), is an integral transform that converts a function of a real variable (usually , in the time domain) to a function of a complex variable (in the complex-valued frequency domain, also known as s-domain, or s-plane).

  4. Mathematical modelling of infectious diseases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_modelling_of...

    A common explanation for the growth of epidemics holds that 1 person infects 2, those 2 infect 4 and so on and so on with the number of infected doubling every generation. It is analogous to a game of tag where 1 person tags 2, those 2 tag 4 others who've never been tagged and so on.

  5. Exponential backoff - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_backoff

    Exponential backoff is an ... The rate reduction can be modelled as an exponential function: ... The name exponential backoff refers to the exponential growth ...

  6. Log–log plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log–log_plot

    The above procedure now is reversed to find the form of the function F(x) using its (assumed) known log–log plot. To find the function F, pick some fixed point (x 0, F 0), where F 0 is shorthand for F(x 0), somewhere on the straight line in the above graph, and further some other arbitrary point (x 1, F 1) on the same graph.

  7. Spectral line shape - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_line_shape

    Absorption spectrum of an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate.The spectrum consists of a series of overlapping lines belonging to a vibronic progression. Spectral line shape or spectral line profile describes the form of an electromagnetic spectrum in the vicinity of a spectral line – a region of stronger or weaker intensity in the spectrum.

  8. Correlation function (statistical mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_function...

    At high temperatures, the correlation decays to zero exponentially with the distance between the spins. The same exponential decay as a function of radial distance is also observed below , but with the limit at large distances being the mean magnetization . Precisely at the critical point, an algebraic behavior is seen

  9. Loss functions for classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_functions_for...

    In machine learning and mathematical optimization, loss functions for classification are computationally feasible loss functions representing the price paid for inaccuracy of predictions in classification problems (problems of identifying which category a particular observation belongs to). [1]