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Canopy cover surrounding Madison, Wisconsin. Landscape ecology is the science of studying and improving relationships between ecological processes in the environment and particular ecosystems. This is done within a variety of landscape scales, development spatial patterns, and organizational levels of research and policy. [1] [2] [3] Concisely ...
Community ecology or synecology is the study of the interactions between species in communities on many spatial and temporal scales, including the distribution, structure, abundance, demography, and interactions between coexisting populations. [1] The primary focus of community ecology is on the interactions between populations as determined by ...
Ecological stability. In ecology, an ecosystem is said to possess ecological stability (or equilibrium) if it is capable of returning to its equilibrium state after a perturbation (a capacity known as resilience) or does not experience unexpected large changes in its characteristics across time. [1] Although the terms community stability and ...
Distinguishing from other biological disciplines. Microbial population biology, in practice, is the application of population ecology and population genetics toward understanding the ecology and evolution of bacteria, archaebacteria, microscopic fungi (such as yeasts ), additional microscopic eukaryotes (e.g., "protozoa" and algae ), and viruses .
Population dynamics has traditionally been the dominant branch of mathematical biology, which has a history of more than 220 years, [1] although over the last century the scope of mathematical biology has greatly expanded. [citation needed] The beginning of population dynamics is widely regarded as the work of Malthus, formulated as the ...
Overpopulation. Overpopulation or overabundance is a phenomenon in which a species ' population becomes larger than the carrying capacity of its environment. This may be caused by increased birth rates, lowered mortality rates, reduced predation or large scale migration, leading to an overabundant species and other animals in the ecosystem ...
Human reproductive ecology is a subfield in evolutionary biology that is concerned with human reproductive processes and responses to ecological variables. [1] It is based in the natural and social sciences, and is based on theory and models deriving from human and animal biology, evolutionary theory, and ecology.
A survivorship curve is a graph showing the number or proportion of individuals surviving to each age for a given species or group (e.g. males or females). Survivorship curves can be constructed for a given cohort (a group of individuals of roughly the same age) based on a life table . There are three generalized types of survivorship curves: [1]