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  2. Relative change - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_change

    The relative change is independent of the unit of measurement employed; for example, the relative change from 2 to 1 m is −50%, the same as for 200 to 100 cm.The relative change is not defined if the reference value (v ref) is zero, and gives negative values for positive increases if v ref is negative, hence it is not usually defined for negative reference values either.

  3. en.wikipedia.org

    en.wikipedia.org/.../How-to-calculate-percent-change

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  4. Fold change - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_change

    Fold change. Fold change is a measure describing how much a quantity changes between an original and a subsequent measurement. It is defined as the ratio between the two quantities; for quantities A and B the fold change of B with respect to A is B / A. In other words, a change from 30 to 60 is defined as a fold-change of 2.

  5. Percentage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage

    If the initial amount p leads to a percent change x, and the second percent change is y, then the final amount is p (1 + 0.01 x)(1 + 0.01 y). To change the above example, after an increase of x = 10 percent and decrease of y = −5 percent, the final amount, $209, is 4.5% more than the initial amount of $200.

  6. Saponification value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponification_value

    Saponification value or saponification number ( SV or SN) represents the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) required to saponify one gram of fat under the conditions specified. [1] [2] [3] It is a measure of the average molecular weight (or chain length) of all the fatty acids present in the sample in ...

  7. Haversine formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haversine_formula

    U. S. Census Bureau Geographic Information Systems FAQ, (content has been moved to What is the best way to calculate the distance between 2 points?) R. W. Sinnott, "Virtues of the Haversine", Sky and Telescope 68 (2), 159 (1984). Deriving the haversine formula, Ask Dr. Math (Apr. 20–21, 1999). [dead link] Archived 20 January 2020 at the ...

  8. Monosodium glutamate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosodium_glutamate

    The optimal concentration varies by food; in clear soup, the "pleasure score" rapidly falls with the addition of more than one gram of MSG per 100 mL. The sodium content (in mass percent) of MSG, 12.28%, is about one-third of that in sodium chloride (39.34%), due to the greater mass of the glutamate counterion.

  9. Volume fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_fraction

    Volume fraction. In chemistry and fluid mechanics, the volume fraction is defined as the volume of a constituent Vi divided by the volume of all constituents of the mixture V prior to mixing: [1] Being dimensionless, its unit is 1; it is expressed as a number, e.g., 0.18. It is the same concept as volume percent (vol%) except that the latter is ...