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Definition. Generally speaking, curves representing the relationship between stress and strain in any form of deformation can be regarded as stress–strain curves. The stress and strain can be normal, shear, or mixture, and can also can be uniaxial, biaxial, or multiaxial, even change with time. The form of deformation can be compression ...
Stress–strain analysis (or stress analysis) is an engineering discipline that uses many methods to determine the stresses and strains in materials and structures subjected to forces. In continuum mechanics , stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other ...
Stress and strain. The stress-strain constitutive relation for linear materials is commonly known as Hooke's law. In its simplest form, the law defines the spring constant (or elasticity constant) k in a scalar equation, stating the tensile/compressive force is proportional to the extended (or contracted) displacement x:
Ramberg–Osgood relationship. The Ramberg–Osgood equation was created to describe the non linear relationship between stress and strain —that is, the stress–strain curve —in materials near their yield points. It is especially applicable to metals that harden with plastic deformation (see work hardening ), showing a smooth elastic ...
In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that describes forces present during deformation. For example, an object being pulled apart, such as a stretched elastic band, is subject to tensile stress and may undergo elongation. An object being pushed together, such as a crumpled sponge, is subject to compressive stress and may undergo ...
The modulus of elasticity can be used to determine the stress–strain relationship in the linear-elastic portion of the stress–strain curve. The linear-elastic region is either below the yield point, or if a yield point is not easily identified on the stress–strain plot it is defined to be between 0 and 0.2% strain, and is defined as the ...
The elasticity tensor is a fourth-rank tensor describing the stress-strain relation in a linear elastic material. [1] [2] Other names are elastic modulus tensor and stiffness tensor. Common symbols include and . The defining equation can be written as. where and are the components of the Cauchy stress tensor and infinitesimal strain tensor, and ...
Yield (engineering) In materials science and engineering, the yield point is the point on a stress-strain curve that indicates the limit of elastic behavior and the beginning of plastic behavior. Below the yield point, a material will deform elastically and will return to its original shape when the applied stress is removed.