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Classical conditioning (also respondent conditioning and Pavlovian conditioning) is a behavioral procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e.g. food, a puff of air on the eye, a potential rival) is paired with a neutral stimulus (e.g. the sound of a musical triangle ). The term classical conditioning refers to the process of an ...
Operant conditioning, also called instrumental conditioning, is a learning process where voluntary behaviors are modified by association with the addition (or removal) of reward or aversive stimuli. The frequency or duration of the behavior may increase through reinforcement or decrease through punishment or extinction.
Human condition. This painting, with symbols of life, death, and time, is an example of memento mori art. [1] The human condition can be defined as the characteristics and key events of human life, including birth, learning, emotion, aspiration, morality, conflict, and death. This is a very broad topic that has been and continues to be pondered ...
Hair conditioner is a hair care cosmetic product used to improve the feel, texture, appearance and manageability of hair. Its main purpose is to reduce friction between strands of hair to allow smoother brushing or combing, which might otherwise cause damage to the scalp. [1] Various other benefits are often advertised, such as hair repair ...
In classical conditioning, second-order conditioning or higher-order conditioning is a form of learning in which a stimulus is first made meaningful or consequential for an organism through an initial step of learning, and then that stimulus is used as a basis for learning about some new stimulus. For example, an animal might first learn to ...
Classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning, a behavioral mechanism in which one stimulus comes to signal the occurrence of a second stimulus. Eyeblink conditioning, classical conditioning involving pairing of a stimulus with an eyeblink-eliciting stimulus. Fear conditioning, classical conditioning involving aversive stimuli.
Evaluative conditioning is defined as a change in the valence of a stimulus that is due to the pairing of that stimulus with another positive or negative stimulus. The first stimulus is often referred to as the conditioned stimulus and the second stimulus as the unconditioned stimulus. A conditioned stimulus becomes more positive when it has ...
Air conditioning can be achieved using a mechanical 'air conditioner' or by other methods, including passive cooling and ventilative cooling. [2] [3] Air conditioning is a member of a family of systems and techniques that provide heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC). [4] Heat pumps are similar in many ways to air conditioners, but ...