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  2. Irony - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irony

    Verbal irony is "a statement in which the meaning that a speaker employs is sharply different from the meaning that is ostensibly expressed". [1] Moreover, it is produced intentionally by the speaker, rather than being a literary construct, for instance, or the result of forces outside of their control. [19]

  3. Stylistic device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stylistic_device

    Verbal irony This is the simplest form of irony, in which the speaker says the opposite of what he or she intends. There are several forms, including euphemism, understatement, sarcasm, and some forms of humor. [9]

  4. Litotes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotes

    Litotes. In rhetoric, litotes (/ laɪˈtoʊtiːz, ˈlaɪtətiːz /, US: / ˈlɪtətiːz /), [1] also known classically as antenantiosis or moderatour, is a figure of speech and form of irony in which understatement is used to emphasize a point by stating a negative to further affirm a positive, often incorporating double negatives for effect ...

  5. A Modest Proposal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Modest_Proposal

    Swift's essay is widely held to be one of the greatest examples of sustained irony in the history of English literature. Much of its shock value derives from the fact that the first portion of the essay describes the plight of starving beggars in Ireland, so that the reader is unprepared for the surprise of Swift's solution when he states: "A young healthy child well nursed, is, at a year old ...

  6. Glossary of rhetorical terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_rhetorical_terms

    Irony – a deliberate contrast between indirect and direct meaning to draw attention to the opposite. Isocolon – a string of phrases of corresponding structure and equal length.

  7. Figure of speech - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figure_of_speech

    A figure of speech or rhetorical figure is a word or phrase that intentionally deviates from straightforward language use or literal meaning to produce a rhetorical or intensified effect (emotionally, aesthetically, intellectually, etc.). [1][2] In the distinction between literal and figurative language, figures of speech constitute the latter.

  8. Comedic device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedic_device

    Repetition Repetition is the essential comedic device and is often used in combination with other devices to reinforce them. The "callback" in comedy writing—in which a statement or theme is recalled as the punchline or close of a scene—is a classic example of the tension and release that are possible using repetition. It is also the basis for "Englishman, Irishman, and Scotsman" jokes ...

  9. Trope (literature) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trope_(literature)

    Irony – Creating a trope through implying the opposite of the standard meaning, such as describing a bad situation as "good times". Litotes – A figure of speech and form of verbal irony in which understatement is used to emphasize a point by stating a negative to further affirm a positive, often incorporating double negatives for effect.