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The countries and people of North Africa share a large amount of their genetic, ethnic, cultural and linguistic identity and influence with the Middle East, a process that began with the Neolithic Revolution c. 10,000 BC and pre Dynastic Egypt. The countries of North Africa are also a major part of the Arab world.
The history of North Africa has been divided into its prehistory, its classical period, the arrival and spread of Islam, the colonial period, and finally the post-independence era, in which the current nations were formed. The region has been influenced by many diverse cultures. The development of sea travel firmly brought the region into the ...
Tunisia was the only democracy in North Africa until 2021. After a democratic backsliding, the country now classifies as "hybrid regime" in the Democracy Index (The Economist). Between 2020 and 2022 the V-Dem Democracy indices score for electoral democracy dropped from 0.727 to 0.307.
The inhabitants of North Africa are roughly divided in a manner corresponding to the principal geographic regions of North Africa: the Maghreb, the Nile valley, and the Sahel. The countries of North Africa all have Modern Standard Arabic as their official language, and almost all their inhabitants follow Islam. The most spoken dialects are ...
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA), also referred to as West Asia and North Africa (WANA) or South West Asia and North Africa (SWANA), is a geographic region. While still referring to most of the Middle East (or West Asia without East Thrace or the Sinai peninsula) and North Africa together, it is widely considered to be a more defined and apolitical alternative to the grouping of ...
Morocco is a Northern African country, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and the annexed Western Sahara. It is one of only three nations (along with Spain and France) to have both Atlantic and Mediterranean coastlines. [citation needed] A large part of Morocco is mountainous.
With a population of 44 million, Algeria is the tenth-most populous country in Africa, and the 32nd-most populous country in the world. The capital and largest city is Algiers, located in the far north on the Mediterranean coast. Centuries of Arab migration to the Maghreb since the 7th century shifted the demographic scope in Algeria.
The Maghreb ( / ˈmɑːɡrəb /; [3] Arabic: ْاَلْمَغْرِب, romanized : al-Maghrib, lit. 'the west'), also known as the Arab Maghreb ( Arabic: اَلْمَغْرِبُ الْعَرَبِيُّ) and Northwest Africa, [4] is the western part of the Arab world. The region comprises western and central North Africa, including Algeria ...