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SAME is a protocol for framing and classification of broadcasting emergency warning messages. It uses digital codes to identify the originator, event, location and time of the message.
The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is a national warning system in the United States that allows authorized officials to broadcast emergency alerts and warning messages to the public via various media platforms. It was launched in 1997 and replaced the Emergency Broadcast System (EBS), and uses a digitally encoded signal called Specific Area Message Encoding (SAME) to target specific areas.
Learn about the different modes of operation for block ciphers, such as ECB, CBC, CTR, and AES-GCM. CBC mode is one of the most common and secure modes, but it requires a random initialization vector (IV) for each encryption.
AES is a symmetric-key algorithm for encrypting electronic data, with key sizes of 128, 192 or 256 bits. AES is a variant of Rijndael, a family of ciphers developed by Daemen and Rijmen, and is the first cipher approved by the U.S. NSA for top secret information.
Learn how Microsoft implemented Unicode in its products, especially Windows, and the history and issues of different encodings such as UTF-8 and UTF-16. Find out how to use Unicode in Windows API, code page, and console.
EBCDIC is an eight-bit character encoding used mainly on IBM mainframe and midrange computer operating systems. It descended from the code used with punched cards and the corresponding six-bit binary-coded decimal code. See the table of EBCDIC control characters and their Unicode mappings.
Extended ASCII is a term for character encodings that include the original 96 ASCII characters plus up to 128 more. ISO 8859-1 is one of the most widely used variants, supporting most Western European languages. Learn about the history, features and limitations of extended ASCII.
UTF-8 is a standard way of encoding Unicode characters using one to four bytes. It is widely used on the World Wide Web and in many operating systems and languages. Learn how UTF-8 works, its history, and its advantages and disadvantages.