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The current account is an important indicator of an economy's speed. It is defined as the sum of the balance of trade (goods and services exports minus imports ), net income from abroad, and net current transfers. A positive current account balance indicates the nation is a net lender to the rest of the world, while a negative current account balance indicates that it is a net borrower from ...
The term "balance of payments surplus" (or deficit – a deficit is simply a negative surplus) refers to the sum of the surpluses in the current account and the narrowly defined capital account (excluding changes in central bank reserves). Denoting the balance of payments surplus as BoP surplus, the relevant identity is.
This is the list of countries by current account balance, expressed in current U.S. dollars and as percentage of GDP, based on the data published by World Bank, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories based upon the ISO standard ISO 3166-1.
The first list includes 2017 data for members of the International Monetary Fund. The UN World Bank cites the IMF as the source for their data on Current Account Balance, and so is not included separately on this page. The second list includes only countries for which the CIA World Factbook lists 2015 estimates for both Current Account Balance and GDP.
In general, economists view recessions at net-negative events, due to the disruptions created by unemployment and an economy performing well below its potential. But recessions do tend to correct ...
Sectoral balances analysis states that as a matter of accounting, it follows that government budget deficits add net financial assets to the private sector. This is because a budget deficit means that a government has deposited more money into private bank accounts than it has removed in taxes.
Twin deficits hypothesis. In macroeconomics, the twin deficits hypothesis or the twin deficits phenomenon, [1] is the observation that, theoretically, there is a strong causal link between a nation's government budget balance and its current account balance. [2]
Primary deficit, total deficit, and debt The meaning of "deficit" differs from that of "debt", which is an accumulation of yearly deficits. Deficits occur when a government's expenditures exceed the revenue that it levies. The deficit can be measured with or without including the interest payments on the debt as expenditures. [8] The primary deficit is defined as the difference between current ...