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Mass fraction (chemistry) In chemistry, the mass fraction of a substance within a mixture is the ratio (alternatively denoted ) of the mass of that substance to the total mass of the mixture. [1] Expressed as a formula, the mass fraction is: Because the individual masses of the ingredients of a mixture sum to , their mass fractions sum to unity:
The response factor can be expressed on a molar, volume or mass basis. Where the true amount of sample and standard are equal: = where A is the signal (e.g. peak area) and the subscript i indicates the sample and the subscript st indicates the standard.
Gravimetric analysis describes a set of methods used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of an analyte (the ion being analyzed) based on its mass. The principle of this type of analysis is that once an ion's mass has been determined as a unique compound, that known measurement can then be used to determine the same analyte's mass in a mixture, as long as the relative ...
Volume fraction. In chemistry and fluid mechanics, the volume fraction is defined as the volume of a constituent Vi divided by the volume of all constituents of the mixture V prior to mixing: [1] Being dimensionless, its unit is 1; it is expressed as a number, e.g., 0.18. It is the same concept as volume percent (vol%) except that the latter is ...
Resolving power definition. Some mass spectrometrists use the definition that is similar to definitions used in some other fields of physics and chemistry. In this case, resolving power is defined as: The minimum peak separation ΔM which allows to distinguish two ion species is then called: Resolution and resolving power, when defined in this ...
Elemental analysis. Elemental analysis is a process where a sample of some material (e.g., soil, waste or drinking water, bodily fluids, minerals, chemical compounds) is analyzed for its elemental and sometimes isotopic composition. [citation needed] Elemental analysis can be qualitative (determining what elements are present), and it can be ...
mole fraction. In chemistry, the mole fraction or molar fraction, also called mole proportion or molar proportion, is a quantity defined as the ratio between the amount of a constituent substance, ni (expressed in unit of moles, symbol mol), and the total amount of all constituents in a mixture, ntot (also expressed in moles): [1] It is denoted ...
Lever rule. In chemistry, the lever rule is a formula used to determine the mole fraction ( xi) or the mass fraction ( wi) of each phase of a binary equilibrium phase diagram. It can be used to determine the fraction of liquid and solid phases for a given binary composition and temperature that is between the liquidus and solidus line.