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  2. Population density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_density

    Population density is the number of people per unit of area, usually transcribed as "per square kilometer" or square mile, and which may include or exclude, for example, areas of water or glaciers. Commonly this is calculated for a county, city, country, another territory or the entire world. The world's population is around 8,000,000,000 [3 ...

  3. Probability density function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_density_function

    Unlike a probability, a probability density function can take on values greater than one; for example, the continuous uniform distribution on the interval [0, 1/2] has probability density f(x) = 2 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1/2 and f(x) = 0 elsewhere. The standard normal distribution has probability density. If a random variable X is given and its ...

  4. Continuous uniform distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_uniform...

    Any probability density function integrates to , so the probability density function of the continuous uniform distribution is graphically portrayed as a rectangle where ⁠ ⁠ is the base length and ⁠ ⁠ is the height. As the base length increases, the height (the density at any particular value within the distribution boundaries) decreases.

  5. Density estimation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density_Estimation

    The unobservable density function is thought of as the density according to which a large population is distributed; the data are usually thought of as a random sample from that population. [1] A variety of approaches to density estimation are used, including Parzen windows and a range of data clustering techniques, including vector quantization.

  6. Cumulative distribution function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumulative_distribution...

    The cumulative distribution function of a real-valued random variable is the function given by [2]: p. 77. (Eq.1) where the right-hand side represents the probability that the random variable takes on a value less than or equal to . The probability that lies in the semi-closed interval , where , is therefore [2]: p. 84.

  7. Number density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Number_density

    The number density (symbol: n or ρN) is an intensive quantity used to describe the degree of concentration of countable objects (particles, molecules, phonons, cells, galaxies, etc.) in physical space: three-dimensional volumetric number density, two-dimensional areal number density, or one-dimensional linear number density.

  8. Quantile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantile

    The first quartile is determined by 11×(1/4) = 2.75, which rounds up to 3, meaning that 3 is the rank in the population (from least to greatest values) at which approximately 1/4 of the values are less than the value of the first quartile. The third value in the population is 7. 7 Second quartile

  9. Probability distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution

    v. t. e. In probability theory and statistics, a probability distribution is the mathematical function that gives the probabilities of occurrence of possible outcomes for an experiment. [1][2] It is a mathematical description of a random phenomenon in terms of its sample space and the probabilities of events (subsets of the sample space). [3]