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  2. Natural language processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing

    Natural language processing (NLP) is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and artificial intelligence.It is primarily concerned with providing computers with the ability to process data encoded in natural language and is thus closely related to information retrieval, knowledge representation and computational linguistics, a subfield of linguistics.

  3. Word2vec - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word2vec

    e. Word2vec is a technique in natural language processing (NLP) for obtaining vector representations of words. These vectors capture information about the meaning of the word based on the surrounding words. The word2vec algorithm estimates these representations by modeling text in a large corpus. Once trained, such a model can detect synonymous ...

  4. Word embedding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_embedding

    e. In natural language processing (NLP), a word embedding is a representation of a word. The embedding is used in text analysis. Typically, the representation is a real-valued vector that encodes the meaning of the word in such a way that the words that are closer in the vector space are expected to be similar in meaning. [1]

  5. Transformer (deep learning architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer_(deep_learning...

    For many years, sequence modelling and generation was done by using plain recurrent neural networks (RNNs). A well-cited early example was the Elman network (1990). In theory, the information from one token can propagate arbitrarily far down the sequence, but in practice the vanishing-gradient problem leaves the model's state at the end of a long sentence without precise, extractable ...

  6. Attention (machine learning) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention_(machine_learning)

    A "slow" neural network outputs the "fast" weights of another neural network through outer products. The slow network learns by gradient descent. It was later renamed as "linearized self-attention". [27] Bahdanau-style attention, [24] also referred to as additive attention, Luong-style attention, [28] which is known as multiplicative attention,

  7. spaCy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaCy

    Website. spacy.io. spaCy (/ speɪˈsiː / spay-SEE) is an open-source software library for advanced natural language processing, written in the programming languages Python and Cython. [3][4] The library is published under the MIT license and its main developers are Matthew Honnibal and Ines Montani, the founders of the software company Explosion.

  8. Neural network (machine learning) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network_(machine...

    v. t. e. In machine learning, a neural network (also artificial neural network or neural net, abbreviated ANN or NN) is a model inspired by the structure and function of biological neural networks in animal brains. [ 1 ][ 2 ] An ANN consists of connected units or nodes called artificial neurons, which loosely model the neurons in the brain.

  9. Multilayer perceptron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilayer_perceptron

    Machine learningand data mining. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) is a name for a modern feedforward artificial neural network, consisting of fully connected neurons with a nonlinear activation function, organized in at least three layers, notable for being able to distinguish data that is not linearly separable. [1]