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2. PBKDF2 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2

   The PBKDF2 key derivation function has five input parameters: [9] DK = PBKDF2(PRF, Password, Salt, c, dkLen) where: PRF is a pseudorandom function of two parameters with output length hLen (e.g., a keyed HMAC)

3. Wi-Fi Protected Access - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi_Protected_Access

   WPA-Personal and WPA2-Personal remain vulnerable to password cracking attacks if users rely on a weak password or passphrase. WPA passphrase hashes are seeded from the SSID name and its length; rainbow tables exist for the top 1,000 network SSIDs and a multitude of common passwords, requiring only a quick lookup to speed up cracking WPA-PSK. [37]

4. Pseudorandom function family - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudorandom_function_family

   In cryptography, a pseudorandom function family, abbreviated PRF, is a collection of efficiently-computable functions which emulate a random oracle in the following way: no efficient algorithm can distinguish (with significant advantage) between a function chosen randomly from the PRF family and a random oracle (a function whose outputs are fixed completely at random).

5. One-time pad - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-time_pad

   This is a very strong notion of security ... High-quality random numbers are difficult to generate. The random number generation functions ... One-time password;

6. Munged password - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munged_password

   Passwords are used to gain access to computer resources, and computer users generally choose passwords that are easy to remember but therefore insecure. Simple passwords are easily hacked by dictionary attacking software, and so having a munged password could be useful as a protection against hackers.

7. RC4 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RC4

   Like other sponge functions, Spritz can be used to build a cryptographic hash function, a deterministic random bit generator , an encryption algorithm that supports authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD), etc. [14] In 2016, Banik and Isobe proposed an attack that can distinguish Spritz from random noise. [64]