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2. pH - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH

   e. In chemistry, pH ( / piːˈeɪtʃ / pee-AYCH ), also referred to as acidity or basicity, historically denotes " potential of hydrogen " (or "power of hydrogen"). [1] It is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of aqueous solutions. Acidic solutions (solutions with higher concentrations of hydrogen ( H+) ions) are ...

3. Properties of water - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Properties_of_water

   Physical properties[edit] See also: Water chemistry analysis. Water is the chemical substance with chemical formula H2O; one molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to a single oxygen atom. [25] Water is a tasteless, odorless liquid at ambient temperature and pressure. Liquid water has weak absorption bands at wavelengths of ...

4. Water - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water

   Water is also central to acid-base neutrality and enzyme function. An acid, a hydrogen ion (H +, that is, a proton) donor, can be neutralized by a base, a proton acceptor such as a hydroxide ion (OH −) to form water. Water is considered to be neutral, with a pH (the negative log of the hydrogen ion concentration) of 7.

5. Hard water - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_water

   In 1936, Wilfred Langelier developed a method for predicting the pH at which water is saturated in calcium carbonate (called pH s). The LSI is expressed as the difference between the actual system pH and the saturation pH: LSI = pH (measured) − pH s. For LSI > 0, water is supersaturated and tends to precipitate a scale layer of CaCO 3.

6. Distilled water - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distilled_water

   Distilled water. Distilled water is water that has been boiled into vapor and condensed back into liquid in a separate container. Impurities in the original water that do not boil below or near the boiling point of water remain in the original container. Thus, distilled water is a type of purified water .

7. Carbonated water - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonated_water

   Carbonated water is a diluent mixed with alcoholic beverages where it is used to top-off the drink and provides a degree of 'fizz'. Adding soda water to "short" drinks such as spirits dilutes them and makes them "long" (not to be confused with long drinks such as those made with vermouth ).