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The median of a finite list of numbers is the "middle" number, when those numbers are listed in order from smallest to greatest. If the data set has an odd number of observations, the middle one is selected. For example, the following list of seven numbers, has the median of 6, which is the fourth value.
In descriptive statistics, the interquartile range ( IQR) is a measure of statistical dispersion, which is the spread of the data. [1] The IQR may also be called the midspread, middle 50%, fourth spread, or H‑spread. It is defined as the difference between the 75th and 25th percentiles of the data. [2] [3] [4] To calculate the IQR, the data ...
The lower quartile value is the median of the lower half of the data. The upper quartile value is the median of the upper half of the data. This rule is employed by the TI-83 calculator boxplot and "1-Var Stats" functions. Method 2. Use the median to divide the ordered data set into two halves. The median becomes the second quartiles.
Mode (statistics) In statistics, the mode is the value that appears most often in a set of data values. [1] If X is a discrete random variable, the mode is the value x at which the probability mass function takes its maximum value (i.e., x=argmaxxi P (X = xi) ). In other words, it is the value that is most likely to be sampled.
The median absolute deviation is a measure of statistical dispersion. Moreover, the MAD is a robust statistic, being more resilient to outliers in a data set than the standard deviation. In the standard deviation, the distances from the mean are squared, so large deviations are weighted more heavily, and thus outliers can heavily influence it.
Median of medians. In computer science, the median of medians is an approximate median selection algorithm, frequently used to supply a good pivot for an exact selection algorithm, most commonly quickselect, that selects the k th smallest element of an initially unsorted array. Median of medians finds an approximate median in linear time.
Mediant (mathematics) In mathematics, the mediant of two fractions, generally made up of four positive integers. and is defined as. That is to say, the numerator and denominator of the mediant are the sums of the numerators and denominators of the given fractions, respectively. It is sometimes called the freshman sum, as it is a common mistake ...
In statistics, a weighted median of a sample is the 50% weighted percentile. [1] [2] [3] It was first proposed by F. Y. Edgeworth in 1888. [4] [5] Like the median, it is useful as an estimator of central tendency, robust against outliers. It allows for non-uniform statistical weights related to, e.g., varying precision measurements in the sample.