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  2. Transformation in economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_in_economics

    Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity ( economic sector ). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and ...

  3. Participatory action research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participatory_action_research

    Participatory action research ( PAR) is an approach to action research emphasizing participation and action by members of communities affected by that research. It seeks to understand the world by trying to change it, collaboratively and following reflection. PAR emphasizes collective inquiry and experimentation grounded in experience and ...

  4. Milton Friedman - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_Friedman

    Milton Friedman (/ ˈ f r iː d m ən / ⓘ; July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American economist and statistician who received the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his research on consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and the complexity of stabilization policy.

  5. Expected utility hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expected_utility_hypothesis

    The expected utility hypothesis is a foundational assumption in mathematical economics concerning decision making under uncertainty. It postulates that rational agents maximize utility, meaning the subjective desirability of their actions. Rational choice theory, a cornerstone of microeconomics, builds this postulate to model aggregate social ...

  6. Scaling of innovations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaling_of_innovations

    Scaling of innovations is an industrial and social process that leads to widespread use of an innovation. The potential of a production system to undergo this process is called its "scalability". Scaling is regarded the last step after the discovery, proof of concept and piloting of an innovation. In business it is often used as maximizing ...

  7. Asset-based community development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset-based_community...

    Asset maps are used in lieu of needs maps which focus solely on negative aspects of communities. Asset maps, on the other hand, focus on community assets, abilities, skills, and strengths in order to build its future. Time banks. Time banks are an example of using community assets to connect individuals' assets to one another.

  8. Digital economy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_economy

    Digital economy. The digital economy is a portmanteau of digital computing and economy, and is an umbrella term that describes how traditional brick-and-mortar economic activities (production, distribution, trade) are being transformed by the Internet and World Wide Web technologies. [1] [2]

  9. Sustainable livelihood - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_livelihood

    Sustainable Livelihood emerges at the intersection of development and environmental studies to offer a new way to think about work, production and distribution. Specifically, the work of vulnerable populations (e.g., low income population living in the bottom of the pyramid, indigenous communities, etc.) are discussed in this concept to build a ...