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2. Cryptographic nonce - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce

   A nonce is an arbitrary number used only once in a cryptographic communication, in the spirit of a nonce word. They are often random or pseudo-random numbers. Many nonces also include a timestamp to ensure exact timeliness, though this requires clock synchronisation between organisations. The addition of a client nonce (" cnonce ") helps to ...

3. CRAM-MD5 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRAM-MD5

   In cryptography, CRAM-MD5 is a challenge–response authentication mechanism (CRAM) based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithm. As one of the mechanisms supported by the Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL), it is often used in email software as part of SMTP Authentication and for the authentication of POP and IMAP users, as well as in applications implementing LDAP, XMPP, BEEP, and other ...

4. List of password managers - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_password_managers

   Through Firefox and Chromium add-ons. Local installation with git sync. Password Safe. Artistic-2.0. Android, iOS, Linux ( beta ), FreeBSD (beta), Windows, unofficial ports ( macOS, Windows Phone ) Through auto-typing. Local installation, optional file or cloud sync. Pleasant Password Server. Proprietary.

5. PBKDF2 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2

   The PBKDF2 key derivation function has five input parameters: [9] DK = PBKDF2 (PRF, Password, Salt, c, dkLen) where: PRF is a pseudorandom function of two parameters with output length hLen (e.g., a keyed HMAC) Password is the master password from which a derived key is generated. Salt is a sequence of bits, known as a cryptographic salt.

6. Argon2 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argon2

   Argon2. Argon2 is a key derivation function that was selected as the winner of the 2015 Password Hashing Competition. [1] [2] It was designed by Alex Biryukov, Daniel Dinu, and Dmitry Khovratovich from the University of Luxembourg. [3]

7. Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographically_secure...

   A cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator ( CSPRNG) or cryptographic pseudorandom number generator ( CPRNG) is a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) with properties that make it suitable for use in cryptography. It is also referred to as a cryptographic random number generator ( CRNG ).

8. One-time pad - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-time_pad

   One-time pad. A format of one-time pad used by the U.S. National Security Agency, code named DIANA. The table on the right is an aid for converting between plaintext and ciphertext using the characters at left as the key. In cryptography, the one-time pad ( OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a single ...

9. LastPass - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LastPass

   Unlike some other major password managers, LastPass offers a user-set password hint, allowing access when the master password is missing. History. On December 2, 2010, it was announced that LastPass had acquired Xmarks, a web browser extension that enabled password synchronization between browsers. The acquisition meant the survival of Xmarks ...