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Modern Standard Hindi (Hindi: आधुनिक मानक हिन्दी, romanized: Ādhunik Mānak Hindī), commonly referred to as Hindi (Hindi: हिन्दी, Hindī), is an Indo-Aryan language from the Indo-European language family spoken chiefly in North India, and serves as the lingua franca of the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and ...
The name Rāmāyaṇa is composed of two words, Rāma and ayaṇa. Rāma, the name of the main figure of the epic, has two contextual meanings. In the Atharvaveda, it means 'dark, dark-coloured, black' and is related to the word rātri which means 'darkness or stillness of night'. The other meaning, which can be found in the Mahabharata, is ...
Hindu texts or Hindu scriptures are manuscripts and voluminous historical literature which are related to any of the diverse traditions within Hinduism. Some of the major Hindu texts include the Vedas, the Upanishads, and the Itihasa. Scholars hesitate in defining the term "Hindu scriptures" given the diverse nature of Hinduism, [1] [2] but ...
Samhita. 1500-800 BCE [1] Shakhas. Vedic school. Each school taught a Veda in a specific way, over time evolving specific styles and emphasis, based on how / by whom / where it was taught. Brahmanas. Commentary and elaboration on vedas and description of religious procedures. 900-500 BCE [2] Upanishads.
Hindi literature ( Hindi: हिन्दी साहित्य, romanized : hindī sāhitya) includes literature in the various Hindi languages which have different writing systems. Earliest forms of Hindi literature are attested in poetry of Apabhraṃśa like Awadhi, and Marwari languages. Hindi literature is composed in three broad ...
t. e. Sayana ( IAST: Sāyaṇa, also called Sāyaṇācārya; died 1387) was a 14th-century Sanskrit Mimamsa scholar [1] [2] [3] from the Vijayanagara Empire of South India, near modern day Bellary, Karnataka. An influential commentator on the Vedas, [4] he flourished under King Bukka Raya I and his successor Harihara II. [5]
Devanāgarī is formed by the addition of the word deva ( देव) to the word nāgarī ( नागरी ). Nāgarī is an adjective derived from nagara ( नगर ), a Sanskrit word meaning "town" or "city," and literally means "urban" or "urbane". [21] The word Nāgarī (implicitly modifying lipi, "script") was used on its own to refer to ...
Other Indian philosophies. v. t. e. Vedanta ( / veɪˈdɑːntə /; Sanskrit: वेदान्त, IAST: Vedānta ), also known as Uttara Mīmāṃsā, is one of the six orthodox ( āstika) traditions of textual exegesis and Hindu philosophy. The word "Vedanta" means "conclusion of the Vedas ", and encompasses the ideas that emerged from, or ...