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The Turkish Straits ( Turkish: Türk Boğazları) are two internationally significant waterways in northwestern Turkey. The Straits create a series of international passages that connect the Aegean and Mediterranean seas to the Black Sea. They consist of the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus. The straits are on opposite ends of the Sea of Marmara.
Names. The contemporary Turkish name Çanakkale Boğazı, meaning ' Çanakkale Strait', is derived from the eponymous midsize city that adjoins the strait, itself meaning 'pottery fort'—from چاناق (çanak, 'pottery') + قلعه (kale, 'fortress')—in reference to the area's famous pottery and ceramic wares, and the landmark Ottoman fortress of Sultaniye.
The Turkish Straits crisis was a Cold War -era territorial conflict between the Soviet Union and Turkey. Turkey had remained officially neutral throughout most of the Second World War. [a] After the war ended, Turkey was pressured by the Soviet government to institute joint military control of passage through Turkish Straits, which connected ...
The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait ( / ˈbɒspərəs, ˈbɒsfərəs / BOSS-pər-əs, BOSS-fər-əs; [a] Turkish: İstanbul Boğazı, lit. 'Istanbul strait', colloquially Boğaz) is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul, Turkey.
Zone of the Straits 1920 map of Western Turkey, showing the Zone of the Straits in the Treaty of Sèvres. A Zone of the Straits was proposed to include the Bosphorus, the Dardanelles and the Sea of Marmara. Navigation would be open in the Dardanelles in times of peace and war alike to all vessels of commerce and war, regardless of flag.
The (Montreux) Convention regarding the Regime of the Straits, [1] [2] often known simply as the Montreux Convention, [3] is an international agreement governing the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits in Turkey. Signed on 20 July 1936 at the Montreux Palace in Switzerland, [4] it went into effect on 9 November 1936, addressing the long running ...
The International Straits Commission was an international agency that, under the auspices of the League of Nations, managed the Turkish Straits (the Dardanelles and Bosphorus) from 1923 to 1936. [2] In the aftermath of World War I and the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres , the Straits were demilitarized and internationalized.
The Istanbul Canal ( Turkish: Kanal İstanbul pronounced [kɑnɑɫ isˈtɑnbuɫ]) is a project for an artificial sea-level waterway planned by Turkey in East Thrace, connecting the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara, and thus to the Aegean and Mediterranean seas. The Istanbul Canal would bisect the current European side of Istanbul and thus form ...